Minimum On-the-node Data Security for the Next-generation Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices

Vakhter, Vladimir; Soysal, Betul; Schaumont, Patrick; Güler, Ülkühan

doi:10.1109/mwscas48704.2020.9184564

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2. An asset is any item of value present in the system that must be kept secure and that an adversary aims to steal, modify, or disrupt [39], [44]. A vulnerability is a weakness in a system caused by a bad design or implementation.…”

Section: Threat Modeling Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from the attacks on these five external interfaces, additional internal attack surfaces include the the memory attacks and the digital hardware. An attacker model covering mentioned channels was presented in [44].…”

Section: B Multiple Attack Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of protective mechanisms and their embedding into devices require additional time and financial costs. Yet, ad-hoc security is insufficient for next-generation biomedical devices [44]. However, if developers follow wellarticulated and transparent principles and practices, adding secure mechanisms into devices is repeatable [52].…”

Section: F Oncoming Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The list of protected assets is later used in the risk analysis. This list for a particular design must be made considering the perspective of different stakeholders [44].…”

Section: Enumerate Protected Assetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security for Emerging Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices: Threat Modeling with Application to Case Studies

Vakhter,

Soysal,

Schaumont

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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The landscape of miniaturized wireless biomedical devices (MWBDs) is rapidly expanding as proactive mobile healthcare proliferates. MWBDs are diverse and include various injectable, ingestible, implantable, and wearable devices. While the growth of MWBDs increases the flexibility of medical services, the adoption of these technologies brings privacy and security risks for their users. MWBDs can operate with sensitive, private information and affect patients through the use of stimulation and drug delivery. Therefore, these devices require trust and need to be secure. Embedding protective mechanisms into MWBDs is challenging because they are restricted in size, power budget, as well as processing and storage capabilities. Nevertheless, MWBDs need to be at least minimally securable in the face of evolving threats. The main intent of this work is to make the primary stakeholders of MWBDs aware of associated risks and to help the architects and the manufacturers of MWBDs protect their emerging designs in a repeatable and structured manner. Making MWBDs securable begins with performing threat modeling. This paper introduces a domain-specific qualitative-quantitative threat model dedicated to MWBDs. The proposed model is then applied to representative case studies from each category of MWBDs.Index Terms-Security, privacy, threat modeling, risk assessment, biomedical applications, next-generation biomedical devices, smart-and-connected health technologies, miniaturized wireless biomedical devices (MWBDs), injectables, implantables, ingestibles, wearables, the Internet of Things (IoT), the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), the Internet of BioNanoThings (IoBNT), cybersecurity risk, privacy risk, healthcare system.

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Section: Threat Modeling Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Multiple Attack Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Oncoming Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The list of protected assets is later used in the risk analysis. This list for a particular design must be made considering the perspective of different stakeholders [44].…”

Section: Enumerate Protected Assetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Security for Emerging Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices: Threat Modeling with Application to Case Studies

Vakhter,

Soysal,

Schaumont

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It becomes of utmost importance to protect userinformation by including cryptographic coprocessors in device design. Security often comes with the cost of increment in the power consumption [23] [24] [25] [26]. Therefore, designing energy-efficient and secure cryptographic coprocessor circuits in medical devices is an interesting research direction.…”

Section: Reference Medical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Rail Adiabatic Logic for Energy-Efficient and CPA-Resistant Cryptographic Circuit in Low-Frequency Medical Devices

Degada

Thapliyal

2022

IEEE Open J. Nanotechnol.

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Designing energy-efficient and secure cryptographic circuits in low-frequency medical devices are challenging due to low-energy requirements. Also, the conventional CMOS logic-based cryptographic circuits solutions in medical devices can be vulnerable to side-channel attacks (e.g. correlation power analysis (CPA)). In this article, we explored single-rail Clocked CMOS Adiabatic Logic (CCAL) to design an energy-efficient and secure cryptographic circuit for low-frequency medical devices. The performance of the CCAL logic-based circuits was checked with a power clock generator (2N2P-PCG) integrated into the design for the frequency range of 50 kHz to 250 kHz. The CCAL logic gates show an average of approximately 48% energy-saving and more than 95% improvement in security metrics performance compared to its CMOS logic gate counterparts. Further, the CCAL based circuits are also compared for energy-saving performance against dual-rail adiabatic logic, 2-EE-SPFAL, and 2-SPGAL. The adiabatic CCAL gates save on an average of 55% energy saving compared to 2-EE-SPFAL and 2-SPGAL over the frequency range of 50 kHz to 250 kHz. To check the efficacy of CCAL to design a larger cryptographic circuit, we implemented a case-study design of a Substitution-box (S-box) of popular lightweight PRESENT-80 encryption. The case-study implementation (2N2P-PCG integrated into the design) using CCAL shows more than 95% energy saving compared to CMOS for the frequency 50 kHz to 125 kHz and around 60% energy saving at frequency 250 kHz. At 250 kHz, compared to the dual-rail adiabatic designs of S-box based on 2-EE-SPFAL and 2-SPGAL, the CCAL based S-box shows 32.67% and 11.21% of energy savings, respectively. Additionally, the CCAL logic gate structure requires a lesser number of transistors compared to dual-rail adiabatic logic. The case-study implementation using CCAL saves 45.74% and 34.88% transistor counts compared to 2-EE-SPFAL and 2-SPGAL. The article also presents the effect of varying tank capacitance in 2N2P-PCG over energy efficiency and security performance. The CCAL based case-study was also subjected against CPA. The CCAL-based S-box case study successfully protects the revelation of the encryption key against the CPA attack, However, the key was revealed in CMOS-based case-study implementation.

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A novel UWB flexible antenna with dual notch bands for wearable biomedical devices

Geyikoglu

2023

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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This study presents a novel UWB flexible antenna with dual band-notched design for wearable biomedical devices. The proposed antenna is designed on Kapton Polyimide-based flexible substrate. This includes a CPW fed circular and triangle structure. The dual notched bands are realized by using two triangular-shaped spiral slots defected ground structures. The first notched band (2.4–3.7 GHz) is generated for rejecting WLAN and WiMAX, the second notch (5.15–5.725 GHz) is generated for rejecting HyperLAN/2. The designed UWB antenna has approximately a bandwith of 159% (2.05–14 GHz) in simulation. Thus, the designed UWB antenna meets FCC standards. The antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a maximum gain of 12.7 dB in 8.4 GHz. The proposed antenna is fabricated with the low-cost airbrush printed technique. In this technique, a higher gain value is obtained by controlling the thickness of the conductive layer. Effect of flexibility on the antenna performance is tested for different configurations in the simulation and anechoic chamber environments. According to the results obtained, the overall performance is not affected except for the shift in frequency. Since the antenna has a UWB structure, the frequency shift that occurs in bending is at a tolerable level. The proposed UWB antenna is suitable for wearable biomedical devices, with a high UWB performance.

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Minimum On-the-node Data Security for the Next-generation Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Security for Emerging Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices: Threat Modeling with Application to Case Studies

Security for Emerging Miniaturized Wireless Biomedical Devices: Threat Modeling with Application to Case Studies

Single-Rail Adiabatic Logic for Energy-Efficient and CPA-Resistant Cryptographic Circuit in Low-Frequency Medical Devices

A novel UWB flexible antenna with dual notch bands for wearable biomedical devices

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