Minimum indentation depth for characterization of 2nd sub-metatarsal head and heel pad tissue properties

Teoh, Jee Chin; Lim, Ying Bena; Lee, Taeyong

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.03.008

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…During full-text review, study citations were examined, and 20 articles were identified and included. A total of 186 papers 29–31,33–215 were included for data extraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiovascular tissue and skin were the next most commonly studied tissues. The remaining studies focused on tissues from the ear, nose, and throat, 43,56,71,91,100,116,131,210 cornea, 77,129,171 lens, 83 central nervous structures, 39,47,49,65,78,101,105,109,111,113,117,121,122,135,148,156,165,170,215 peripheral nervous structures, 141,145,208 adipose, 48 breast, 66,110,176,179 heel pad, 55,103,110 tissues supporting the abdomen, 108,124 parietal pleura, 184 perineal body, 125 soft tissues near pressure ulcers, 75 lung, 118 liver, 30,50,119,133,134,159,174,194 stomach, 133,134 gallbladder, 92,120 spleen, 174 and prostate 207 . There were 57 studies that did not focus on musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, or skin tissues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applied use of biomechanical measurements from human tissues for the development of medical skills trainers: a scoping review

Kriener,

Whiting,

Storr

et al. 2023

JBI Evidence Synthesis

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Objective: The objective of this review was to identify quantitative biomechanical measurements of human tissues, the methods for obtaining these measurements, and the primary motivations for conducting biomechanical research. Introduction: Medical skills trainers are a safe and useful tool for clinicians to use when learning or practicing medical procedures. The haptic fidelity of these devices is often poor, which may be because the synthetic materials chosen for these devices do not have the same mechanical properties as human tissues. This review investigates a heterogenous body of literature to identify which biomechanical properties are available for human tissues, the methods for obtaining these values, and the primary motivations behind conducting biomechanical tests. Inclusion criteria: Studies containing quantitative measurements of the biomechanical properties of human tissues were included. Studies that primarily focused on dynamic and fluid mechanical properties were excluded. Additionally, studies only containing animal, in silico, or synthetic materials were excluded from this review. Methods: This scoping review followed the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Sources of evidence were extracted from CINAHL (EBSCO), IEEE Xplore, MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and engineering conference proceedings. The search was limited to the English language. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts as well as full-text reviews. Any conflicts that arose during screening and full-text review were mediated by a third reviewer. Data extraction was conducted by 2 independent reviewers and discrepancies were mediated through discussion. The results are presented in tabular, figure, and narrative formats. Results: Data were extracted from a total of 186 full-text publications. All of the studies, except for 1, were experimental. Included studies came from 33 different countries, with the majority of the studies coming from the United States. Human tissues samples were ex vivo, and the most commonly studied tissue type was musculoskeletal. In this study, nearly 200 unique biomechanical values were reported, and the most commonly reported value was Young’s (elastic) modulus. The most common type of mechanical test performed was tensile testing, and the most common reason for testing human tissues was to characterize biomechanical properties. Although the number of published studies on biomechanical properties of human tissues has increased over the past 20 years, there are many gaps in the literature. Of the 186 included studies, only 7 used human tissues for the design or validation of medical skills training devices. Furthermore, in studies where biomechanical values for human tissues have been obtained, a lack of standardization in engineering assumptions, methodologies, and tissue preparation may implicate the usefulness of these values. Conclusions: This review is the first of its kind to give a broad overview of the biomechanics of human tissues in the published literature. With respect to high-fidelity haptics, there is a large gap in the published literature. Even in instances where biomechanical values are available, comparing or using these values is difficult. This is likely due to the lack of standardization in engineering assumptions, testing methodology, and reporting of the results. It is recommended that journals and/or experts in engineering fields conduct further research to investigate the feasibility of implementing reporting standards. Review Registration: Open Science Framework osf.io/fgb34

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“…During full-text review, study citations were examined, and 20 articles were identified and included. A total of 186 papers 29–31,33–215 were included for data extraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied use of biomechanical measurements from human tissues for the development of medical skills trainers: a scoping review

Kriener,

Whiting,

Storr

et al. 2023

JBI Evidence Synthesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maximum displacements were also less than physiologic displacements but likely large enough to reach the linear region. 19 Image resolution in the MRI data was coarser than expected. The MRI software was capable of selecting higher quality parameters but would have required more computer RAM/processing capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A preliminary study of patient-specific mechanical properties of diabetic and healthy plantar soft tissue from gated magnetic resonance imaging

Williams

Stebbins

Cavanagh

et al. 2017

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Foot loading rate, load magnitude, and the presence of diseases such as diabetes can all affect the mechanical properties of the plantar soft tissues of the human foot. The hydraulic plantar soft tissue reducer instrument was designed to gain insight into which variables are the most significant in determining these properties. It was used with gated magnetic resonance imaging to capture three-dimensional images of feet under dynamic loading conditions. Custom electronics controlled by LabVIEW software simultaneously recorded system pressure, which was then translated to applied force values based on calibration curves. Data were collected for two subjects, one without diabetes (Subject A) and one with diabetes (Subject B). For a 0.2-Hz loading rate, and strains 0.16, 0.18, 0.20, and 0.22, Subject A's average tangential heel pad stiffness was 10 N/mm and Subject B's was 24 N/mm. Maximum test loads were approximately 200 N. Loading rate and load magnitude limitations (both were lower than physiologic values) will continue to be addressed in the next version of the instrument. However, the current hydraulic plantar soft tissue reducer did produce a data set for healthy versus diabetic tissue stiffness that agrees with previous trends. These data are also being used to improve finite element analysis models of the foot as part of a related project.

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“…This study also found that the PPG in the heel region was higher at moderate walking speed (3.6 mph) compared to slow walking speed (1.8 mph). The heel region is thicker and stiffer than other plantar regions [ 41 ]. Plantar pressure during walking is usually dissipated by the cushioning effects of the heel fat pad, a highly fibrous adipose structure [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of walking speeds and durations on the plantar pressure gradient and pressure gradient angle

Lung

Cao

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Walking exercise has been demonstrated to improve health in people with diabetes. However, it is largely unknown the influences of various walking intensities such as walking speeds and durations on dynamic plantar pressure distributions in non-diabetics and diabetics. Traditional methods ignoring time-series changes of plantar pressure patterns may not fully capture the effect of walking intensities on plantar tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various walking intensities on the dynamic plantar pressure distributions. In this study, we introduced the peak pressure gradient (PPG) and its dynamic patterns defined as the pressure gradient angle (PGA) to quantify dynamic changes of plantar pressure distributions during walking at various intensities. Methods Twelve healthy participants (5 males and 7 females) were recruited in this study. The demographic data were: age, 27.1 ± 5.8 years; height, 1.7 ± 0.1 m; and weight, 63.5 ± 13.5 kg (mean ± standard deviation). An insole plantar pressure measurement system was used to measure plantar pressures during walking at three walking speeds (slow walking 1.8 mph, brisk walking 3.6 mph, and slow running 5.4 mph) for two durations (10 and 20 min). The gradient at a location is defined as the unique vector field in the two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with a Euclidean metric. PGA was calculated by quantifying the directional variation of the instantaneous peak gradient vector during stance phase of walking. PPG and PGA were calculated in the plantar regions of the first toe, first metatarsal head, second metatarsal head, and heel at higher risk for foot ulcers. Two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s post-hoc analysis was used to examine the speed and duration factors on PPG and PGA. Results The results showed that the walking speeds significantly affect PPG (P < 0.05) and PGA (P < 0.05), and the walking durations does not. No interaction between the walking duration and speed was observed. PPG in the first toe region after 5.4 mph for either 10 or 20 min was significantly higher than 1.8 mph. Meanwhile, after 3.6 mph for 20 min, PPG in the heel region was significantly higher than 1.8 mph. Results also indicate that PGA in the forefoot region after 3.6 mph for 20 min was significantly narrower than 1.8 mph. Conclusions Our findings indicate that people may walk at a slow speed at 1.8 mph for reducing PPG and preventing PGA concentrated over a small area compared to brisk walking at 3.6 mph and slow running at 5.4 mph.

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Minimum indentation depth for characterization of 2nd sub-metatarsal head and heel pad tissue properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Applied use of biomechanical measurements from human tissues for the development of medical skills trainers: a scoping review

Applied use of biomechanical measurements from human tissues for the development of medical skills trainers: a scoping review

A preliminary study of patient-specific mechanical properties of diabetic and healthy plantar soft tissue from gated magnetic resonance imaging

Effects of walking speeds and durations on the plantar pressure gradient and pressure gradient angle

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