Minimum Component All Pass Filters Using a New Versatile Active Element

Abstract

In this paper, a new active element namely Dual-X current conveyor differential input transconductance amplifier (DXCCDITA) is proposed. The DXCCDITA is utilized in designing four minimum component fully cascadable all pass filter (APF) structures. The designed all pass filters require only single active element and one/two passive elements for realization thus making them a minimum component implementation. Two among the four presented all pass structures require only a single capacitor for implementation. A scheme for realizing nth order all pass filter is also suggested and a fourth order voltage mode (VM) filter is developed from the proposed scheme. The effect of non-idealities on the proposed all pass filters is also studied. A simple oscillator is also developed using one of the all pass filter structure. The oscillator required only one DXCCDITA, two capacitors and one resistor for implementation. The DXCCDITA is implemented in 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m TSMC CMOS technology parameters and tested in Tanner EDA. Sufficient numbers of simulations are provided to establish the functionality of all pass structures. The experimental results using commercially available integrated circuits (ICs) are also provided.

CNTFET Based Fully Differential First Order All Pass Filter

“…The first order all pass filter (APF) is an important multipurpose ASP module utilized for realization of higher order frequency selective circuits, quadrature and multiphase oscillators as well as phase equalizers etc [10]. Several APFs are reported in the technical literature [11][12][13][14][15]. However, majority of these filters lack the advantages of fully differential topologies.…”