Minimum anesthetic concentration of isoflurane in captive thick-billed parrots (Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha)

Mercado, Julio A.; Larsen, Reinhard; Wack, Raymund F.; Pypendop, Bruno H.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.69.2.189

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In birds, anesthetic plane assessment on the basis of outward signs are difficult [11], however the depth of anesthesia can be evaluated by combining the information obtained from heart rate, respiration rate and reflexes [12-15]. Signs of anesthetic depth are dependent on the anesthetic used and vary among the different species [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological alteration, quality of anesthesia and economy of isoflurane in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Deori¹,

Sarma²,

Nath³

et al. 2017

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim:Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on physiological parameters, assessment of anesthetic qualities, and economy of use of isoflurane in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus).Materials and Methods:In this study, 18 apparently healthy adult domestic chickens were selected randomly and divided into three groups. The birds were anesthetized by masked induction with isoflurane at a dose rate of 3.5%, 4%, and 5% and were maintained with 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% isoflurane with oxygen by endotracheal intubation in Groups I, II, and III, respectively. Physiological parameters, viz., cloacal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate were recorded at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min. The quality of anesthesia was assessed on the basis of induction time, induction behavior, quality of sedation, production of analgesia, degree of muscle relaxation, palpebral reflex, recovery time, and recovery behavior. The economy of anesthesia was calculated in terms of quantity of isoflurane utilized during 60 min of study. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance, Duncan’s multiple range tests.Results:There was significant decrease (p<0.01) in physiological parameters such as in cloacal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate in the birds of all the groups from 0 to 60 min. The induction time was 5.83±0.33, 2.37±0.18, and 0.87±0.15 min, respectively, in Groups I, II, and III. Induction behavior was smooth in Group III, whereas mildly stormy in Group II and I. Quality of sedation was excellent in Group III, better in Group II as compared to Group I. Analgesia was moderate in Group III whereas poor in Group II and I. Degree of muscle relaxation was excellent in Group III, whereas good in Group I and II. Palpebral reflexes were absent in all the groups. Recovery time was 15.33±0.84, 18.83±0.94, and 26.50±0.85 in Groups I, II, and III respectively. Recovery behavior was smooth in birds of all the groups. The cost of the anesthesia was 158.22±1.04, 194.27±0.66, and 236.84±0.60 Indian National Rupee in Groups I, II, and III, respectively. Quantity of anesthesia utilized in each group was 7.62±0.05, 9.35±0.03, and 11.41±0.03 ml in Groups I, II, and III, respectively.Conclusion:The use of isoflurane at different concentration produces different level of physiological changes, quality of anesthesia and economy without causing any deleterious effect on the birds. The physiological parameters observed in this study can serve as reference values for the wild and endangered birds.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological alteration, quality of anesthesia and economy of isoflurane in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Deori¹,

Sarma²,

Nath³

et al. 2017

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The MAC value, however, may vary considerably among avian species (Mercado and others 2008) and can be influenced by many physiological factors (body temperature, metabolic rate, blood CO 2 tension and large variations in blood pressure; Quasha and others 1980). In the current study, as in several other studies determining MAC values in birds (Ludders and others 1989, Naganobu and Hagio 2000, Naganobu and others 2003, Kim and others 2011, Escobar and others 2012, Phair and others 2012), body temperature remained stable during all the anaesthetic procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time to induction of anaesthesia was defined as the time from initial delivery of volatile anaesthetic agent to successful tracheal intubation (Mercado and others 2008). The time between tracheal intubation and the first stimulation for MAC determination (stabilisation period) was recorded, as was the time from the start of inhalant anaesthetic administration to successful MAC determination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the study was to determine the minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane (SEVO) in pigeons and investigate the effects of 1 MAC SEVO anaesthesia on cardiovascular and respiratory variables compared with the awake state. This is a prospective, experimental study. Animals were seven healthy adult pigeons. After acclimatisation to handling, heart rate (HR), heart rhythm, respiratory rate (fR), end-expired carbon dioxide tension (PE'CO2), inspired CO2 tension, indirect systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) and cloacal temperature were measured to determine baseline, 'awake' values. Pigeons were then anaesthetised with SEVO and MAC was determined by the 'bracketing' method. The same variables were monitored during a 40 minute period at 1.0 MAC SEVO for each bird. Mean MAC was 3.0±0.6 per cent for SEVO. During maintenance of anaesthesia at 1.0 MAC, SAP decreased significantly (P<0.001) without any significant change in HR. Although PE'CO2 increased significantly (P=0.001) despite an increase in fR, awake PE'CO2 values were unexpectedly low. Sinus arrhythmias were detected in two birds under SEVO anaesthesia. The times to tracheal intubation and to recovery were 2.5±0.7 and 6.4±1.7 minutes, respectively. Recovery was rapid and uneventful in all birds. In conclusion, SEVO is suitable for anaesthesia in pigeons.

show abstract

“…Anaesthetic planes in birds are difficult to assess from outward signs [24]; however, the depth of anaesthesia can be estimated by combining information obtained objectively from HR, RR, and reflexes [9, 14, 15, 17]. The signs of anaesthetic depth depend upon the evaluation of muscular tone and muscular reflexes [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signs of anaesthetic depth vary among species and anaesthetic drugs [24]. In birds, the published and commonly monitored reflexes published include the palpebral, pedal, cere, withdrawal, pain on feather pluck, pain, and muscle tone [1, 9, 14, 15, 17, 21]. Light planes of anaesthesia are more associated with the presence of more reflexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation on Depth of Anaesthesia during and after Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Sulphur-Crested Cockatoos (Cacatua galerita galerita)

Chemonges

2014

Veterinary Medicine International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) on the depth of inhalation anaesthesia in parrots. Anaesthesia was induced with 3.0% isoflurane in six Sulphur-crested Cockatoos (Cacatua galerita galerita) and maintained using either 1.5% or 3.0% during spontaneous ventilation (SV) or IPPV at 6 (IPPV-6) or 12 (IPPV-12) breaths per minute. The time taken for the appearance of somatic reflexes and the return of SV after IPPV was recorded. During recovery, the body jerk, beak, eye, and shivering reflexes appeared after 126 ± 27 s, 133 ± 26 s, 165 ± 34 s, and 165 ± 44 s, respectively. All cockatoos developed apnoea after IPPV-12 and only some did after IPPV-6. Return of SV after IPPV-12 was delayed compared to IPPV-6. Recovery times after the SV runs were significantly different between 1.5% and 3.0% isoflurane anaesthesia. Similarly, after IPPV, the recovery times were significantly different between 1.5% and 3.0% isoflurane anaesthesia. Recovery times after 3.0% inhaled isoflurane were longer than those of 1.5% inhaled isoflurane. In conclusion, cockatoos recovering from isoflurane anaesthesia are likely to exhibit body jerk, beak, eye, and shivering reflexes in that order. IPPV increases the depth of anaesthesia in a rate and dose-related manner and prolongs recovery.

show abstract

Minimum anesthetic concentration of isoflurane in captive thick-billed parrots (Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha)

Abstract: Isoflurane MAC appears to be lower in thick-billed parrots than the MAC determined for other bird species. Determination of the species-specific requirements of thick-billed parrots should allow isoflurane anesthesia to be performed more safely in this endangered species.

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Physiological alteration, quality of anesthesia and economy of isoflurane in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Physiological alteration, quality of anesthesia and economy of isoflurane in domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

Effect of Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation on Depth of Anaesthesia during and after Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Sulphur-Crested Cockatoos (Cacatua galerita galerita)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About