Minimum age of deglaciation of upper Elk Valley, British Columbia

Ferguson, Angus; Osborn, Gerald

doi:10.1139/e81-150

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A number of studies have speculated that ice from the Canmore Advance (Rutter 1972) was in retreat in the lower Bow Valley between ca. 11 000 and 13 000 years BP (Fedje and White 1986;Kostaschuck and Smith 1983;Jackson 1980;MacDonald 1982;Fergusson and Osborn 1981). Levson and Rutter (1986) The basal Lake O'Hara dates imply that the speculated timing of deglaciation of the lower Bow Valley is either underestimated or that Late Wisconsinan ice recession was at least comparable to modem recession rates (e.g., Gardner 1972) determined for glaciers in the Canadian Rockies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have provided limiting radiocarbon dates for deglaciation of main valleys in the central Canadian Rockies (e.g., Westgate and Dreimanis 1967;Harrison 1976; Fergusson and Osborn 1981; MacDonald 1982; Levson and Rutter 1986). However, relatively few studies have established limiting radiocarbon dates from alpine areas (Luckman and Kearney 1986;Beaudoin 1984) or areas adjacent to the Continental Divide (Henoch et al 1979); Luckman and Osborn 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Quaternary history of the Lake O'Hara region, British Columbia – an evaluation of sedimentation rates and bulk amino acid ratios in lacustrine records

Reasoner¹,

Rutter²

1988

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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Lake O'Hara (subalpine) and Opabin Lake (alpine) are situated directly adjacent to a high section of the Continental Divide in the central Canadian Rocky Mountains. Core samples recovered from the lakes show a consistent stratigraphy comprising gyttja and underlying inorganic clastic sediments. The gyttja contains Bridge River (2350 years BP) and Mazama (6800 years BP) tephras and is separated from the lower clastic sediments by a sharp, conformable contact. Radiocarbon dates obtained from conifer needles, extracted from directly above the contact, indicate that deglaciation had proceeded upvalley from the O'Hara basin prior to ca. 10 100 years BP. Preliminary palaeobotanical and macrofossil data suggest that a Pinus-Abies forest with lesser Picea was established in the vicinity of Lake O'Hara by this time. Consequently, the minimum age of moraine systems situated downvalley from Lake O'Hara is Late Wisconsinan.Mean annual sedimentation rates were derived from sediment thickness data from 14 Lake O'Hara and 2 Opabin Lake cores. Averaged total sedimentation rate values from the Lake O'Hara cores are 0.13 mmlyear (post-Bridge River), 0.13 mmlyear (Mazama -Bridge River) and 0.05 mmlyear (1 1 000 years BP -Mazama). Averaged total sedimentation rate values from the Opabin Lake cores are 0.19 mmlyear (post-Bridge River), 0.07 mmlyear (Mazama -Bridge River), and 0.06 mmlyear (8530 years BP -Mazama). Higher total sedimentation rates in post-Bridge River sediments of Opabin Lake are presumably related to climatic conditions associated with more extensive upvalley ice during the last ca. 2300 years. Highly variable sedimentation rate data obtained from the Lake O'Hara cores suggest that the use of sedimentation rate data as a proxy record of upvalley glacial activity is inappropriate in the Lake O'Hara setting where inflowing glacial stream systems are intermpted by upvalley lake basins.Aspartic acid D/L ratios were derived from bulk gyttja samples of known age from seven Lake O'Hara and one Opabin Lake core. In all but two cases, aspartic acid DIL ratios increase consistently with respect to sediment age. The increasing downcore trends in the aspartic acid D/L ratios suggest the possibility of using amino acid data from bulk gyttja samples as a check for reworking in cases where chronostratigraphic markers are absent.Le lac O'Hara (subalpin) et le lac Opabin (alpin) sont situCs immkdiatement en bordure d'une coupe ClevCe de la ligne Continentale de partage des eaux, dans les montagnes Rocheuses centrales du Canada. Des carottes prClevCes dans ces lacs kvklent une stratigraphie homogbne incluant des sCdiments de type gyttja sus-jacents a des skdiments inorganiques clastiques. Les sCdiments de type gyttja sont formCs des tephras de Bridge River (2350 ans Av.P.) et de Mazama (6800 ans Av.P.) et sont sCparCs des sCdiments clastiques sous-jacents par un contact concordant t k s net. Les Bges au radiocarbone obtenus sur les aiguilles de coniferes, extraites directement au-dessus du contact, indiquent que la dkglaciation a procC...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary history of the Lake O'Hara region, British Columbia – an evaluation of sedimentation rates and bulk amino acid ratios in lacustrine records

Reasoner¹,

Rutter²

1988

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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“…Lowdonand Blake 1980 Dycketal.1965 Blake 1986 Lowdon and Blake 1976 MacDonakJ 1987b Lowdon and Blake 1979Reasoner and Rutter 1988 Arnold unpublished Driver 1988b Reasoner and Alley and Young 1978Ferguson and Osborn 1981Bobrowsky et al 1991Harris and Boydell 1972Blake 1983Driver 1988b MacDonald 1989 Lowdon and Blake 1980 MacDonald 1987b Rutter 1977Trautman and Walton 1962Driver 1988b Lowdon et al 1977Dyck and Fyles 1964 MacDonald 1987bWhite et al 1979Lowdon et al 1967Driver 1988b White and Mathewes 1986Kearney 1981Hobson and Nelson 1984 Fed je 1985 Blake 1983 McNeefy and McCuaig 1991Lowdon et al 1967 Mandryk1990 White and Mathewes 1986Harris and Boydell 1972Lowdon et al 1967 McNeety 1989Hobson and Nelson 1984Hobson and Nelson 1984White et al 1985 Lowdon and Blake 1976 Blake 1986 Lowdon and Blake 1976 …”

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confidence: 99%

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

Bobrowsky¹,

Rutter²

2007

gpq

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The Canadian Rocky Mountains figured prominently during the glacial history of western Canada. First as a western limit or boundary to the Laurentide Ice Sheet, second as an eastern margin of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, and finally as a centre of local Montane ice. Throughout the Quaternary, complex interactions of glacier ice from these three ice sources markedly changed the physical form of the Rocky Mountains, Trench and Foothills areas. Investigations into the Quaternary history of this region have been ongoing since the beginning of the last century. Since about 1950, the number of studies performed in this area have increased significantly. This paper briefly reviews the historical accomplishments of Quaternary work in the region up to the period of about 1950. From this time to the present, individual study efforts are examined in detail according to the three geographic regions: 1) the northern Rocky Mountains (from the Liard Plateau south to the McGregor Plateau), 2) the central Rocky Mountains (from the McGregor Plateau south to the Porcupine Hills) and 3) the southern Rocky Mountains (from the Porcupine Hills south to the international border). In the northern region, geologic data suggest a maximum of two Rocky Mountain glaciations and only one Laurentide glaciation and no ice coalescence. In the central region, three of four Rocky Mountain events, and at least two Laurentide events are known. Only in the central region is there good evidence for ice coalescence, but the timing of this event is not clearly established. In the south, at least three Rocky Mountain episodes and a variable number of Laurentide episodes are recognized. There is no evidence for ice coalescence. A number of facts support the proposal that Cordilleran ice crossed the Continental Divide and joined with local Montane ice at several locations. However, this expansion of western ice occurred before the Late Wisconsinan in all areas but Jasper. In general, the chronological data presented suggest that the Late Wisconsinan glaciation in the Rocky Mountains was a short-lived event which started around or after 20 ka years ago and ended before 12 ka ago.

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“…The dates of deglaciation and revegetation from the Glacier National Park region are similar to other dates elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains. In the upper Elk River valley of British Columbia, a radiocarbon age of 13,430±450 yr. BP (GX-5599) was obtained from Weary bog (Ferguson and Osborn, 1981). This bog, at an altitude of 1,582 m, is 29 km south of the Mount Joffre Ice Field.…”

Section: Deglaciation and Revegetation Elsewhere In The Rocky Mountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This bog, at an altitude of 1,582 m, is 29 km south of the Mount Joffre Ice Field. This radiocarbon age was determined from gastropod shells and may have been older than the true age of the shells, due to the incorporation of older carbonate (Ferguson and Osborn, 1981). Ages of 11,900±100 yr. BP (GSC-2142) and 12,200±160 yr. BP (GSC-2275) were obtained on material containing wood and unidentifiable organic matter collected along a terrace scarp about 30 km downvalley from Weary bog (Harrison, 1976).…”

Section: Deglaciation and Revegetation Elsewhere In The Rocky Mountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

Carrara¹

1989

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Contents V Glaciers in Glacier National Park during the early to middle Holocene warm period 44 Moraines of the younger group 45 Location and description 45 Age 45 Climatic implications of the younger moraines 45 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century in Glacier National Park 46 Conclusions 49 Deglaciation 49 Revegetation 53 Moraines of the older group 54 Moraines of the younger group 54 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century 55 References cited 55 Appendix A. Preparation and analysis of ashes by X-ray fluorescence 60 Collecting and processing of ash samples 60 Comparison of X-ray fluorescence data with electron-microprobe data 60 Mazama ash 60 Glacier Peak B and G ashes 61 Mount St. Helens J ashes 63 18. Map of Lower St. Mary Lake area 35 19. Stratigraphic section at Chewing Blackbones bog 36 20. Map of Kootenai Lakes area 36 21. Diagram showing stratigraphy of Mount Cleveland bog, holes #1 and #4 38 22. Photograph of Sperry Glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 41 23. Longitudinal profile of Agassiz Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 42 24. Longitudinal profile of Jackson Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 43 25. Map of mid-19th century Blackfoot Glacier showing disintegration of this glacier into the present-day Blackfoot and Jackson Glaciers 47 26. Graphs of climatic data, Kalispell, Montana 48 27. Map of former Logan and Red Eagle glacier areas showing moraines of both the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 49 28. Photograph of former Red Eagle glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 50 29. Photograph of Agassiz Glacier area, showing mid-19th century extent and remnant snowfield 51 30. Map of Sperry Glacier area, showing glacier shrinkage, moraines of the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 52 31. Photograph of Jackson Glacier area showing mid-19th century extent, and remnant glacier 53 TABLES 1. Climatic data from stations in the Glacier National Park region 6 2. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from bogs in the Glacier National Park region 15 3. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from soils in the Glacier National Park region 16 4. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from bogs and exposures in the Glacier National park region 17 5. Major-element values of glass in the Mount St. Helens Jy ash from the Glacier National park region 18 6. Radiocarbon age determinations from the Glacier National Park region 21 7. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash, as reported by various investigators 61 8. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak B ash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 9. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak Gash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 10. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from Sun River Canyon, Montana, as reported by various investigators 63 11. Major-element values of glass in the Mount S...

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Minimum age of deglaciation of upper Elk Valley, British Columbia

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Late Quaternary history of the Lake O'Hara region, British Columbia – an evaluation of sedimentation rates and bulk amino acid ratios in lacustrine records

Late Quaternary history of the Lake O'Hara region, British Columbia – an evaluation of sedimentation rates and bulk amino acid ratios in lacustrine records

The Quaternary Geologic History of the Canadian Rocky Mountains

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

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