Minimizing the Lead-Acid Battery Bank Capacity through a Solar PV - Wind Turbine Hybrid System for a high-altitude village in the Nepal Himalayas

Zahnd, A.; Clark, Angel; Cheung, Wendy Wei; Zou, Linda; Kleissl, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.10.144

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The energy balancing is always satisfied if the power balancing conditions (15) are satisfied. Accordingly, in the rest of this paper, DDEB refers mainly to the latter case given by (29).…”

Section: Energy Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the case of DDEB, SOC max as the worst-case operation is substituted into SOC(t 0 ) in the inequality (29), which yields Lastly, SOC max • E SS in both sides of the inequality is canceled, and the parameters of fluctuating devices and controllable devices are separated into different sides…”

Section: A Formulation Of Ddeb Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technical criteria include batterysupported frequency regulation and voltage stability [26]- [28]. Criteria related to battery degradation/aging can also be technical criteria for the sizing of energy storage systems [29]- [31]. These technical criteria are often combined with other financial criteria as constraints in the sizing optimization or as a part of financial cost after the conversion, e.g., from charging/discharging rate into the replacement cost [32], [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Balancing of Power System Considering Periodic Behavioral Pattern of Renewable Energy Sources and Demands

Javaid,

Kaneko,

Tan

2024

IEEE Access

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Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), such as wind and photovoltaic systems, represent environmentally sustainable options for power generation. However, the inherent variability in the output energy of RESs poses a significant challenge to their seamless integration into the power grid. Furthermore, fluctuations in consumer activity amplify the risks associated with power imbalances. To ensure the stable operation of power systems, it is critical to enhance their ability to manage fluctuations caused by renewable sources and dynamic demand. This paper introduces a pioneering concept for robust energy balancing designed to mitigate energy imbalances resulting from fluctuating generation and demand mismatches. This paper proposes system conditions for a power system to continue safe operation under any power levels of fluctuating generation and demand considering worst-case analysis. In other words, our theorem provides the boundary between a system that can continue its safe operation under any power levels of fluctuating generators and loads and a system that may experience power/energy imbalance due to the fluctuations of generators and loads. These two types of energy balancing conditions, named Supply-Dominated Energy Balancing (SDEB) and Demand-Dominated Energy Balancing (DDEB), apply worstcase operations for fluctuating power devices and best-case operations for controllable power devices. These two conditions jointly provide sufficient conditions for a power system to operate safely under any power level of fluctuations. The key idea behind these energy balancing concepts is the consideration of periodic behavioral patterns of fluctuating sources and loads and their upper and lower bound envelopes, enabling us to analyze the long-term system behavior by analyzing one-cycle operations. In addition, the extracted nontrivial upper-bound and lower-bound envelopes of fluctuating sources and loads offer a novel interpretation of the collaboration between storage systems and controllable sources/loads in energy balancing and provide insights into the minimum sizes required for these devices to sustain safe and uninterrupted power system operation. Finally, the application of the proposed SDEB and DDEB conditions to actual power generation and consumption data is demonstrated. In general, worst-case-based theoretical discussions tend to yield a result that is far apart from a practical situation. However, it is found that the difference between our result and another cost-based practical approach is relatively small, which reveals the potential of the proposed approach to work with more realistic constraints, preferences, etc., in practical situations. INDEX TERMSEnergy balancing, periodic behavioral patterns, energy storage systems, renewable energy sources, power fluctuations Nomenclature DDEB Demand-Dominated Energy Balancing E SSEnergy storage capacity of a power storage device Epg f (t s , t e ) Energy generation of a fluctuating power generator from time t s to t e Epg f.max (t s , t e ) Maximum energy generation...

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“…The energy balancing is always satisfied if the power balancing conditions (15) are satisfied. Accordingly, in the rest of this paper, DDEB refers mainly to the latter case given by (29).…”

Section: Energy Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Formulation Of Ddeb Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Balancing of Power System Considering Periodic Behavioral Pattern of Renewable Energy Sources and Demands

Javaid,

Kaneko,

Tan

2024

IEEE Access

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“…2, show the schematic diagram of hybrid PV/wind system [10]. Adopted both of wind and solar energy resources as one system (hybrid) by using both wind energy and solar energy like a combined system to the resolved issue of variability and optimization the production of the system by converting wind and solar energy into electricity that directly storage by batteries to meet the required loads [11], Thus, to build a hybrid system it is very important to study the technical abilities of the local consumers for knowledge of the advances that include this sector. In 2012, a study had conducted to determine the performance and compatibility of the hybrid PV/wind system on the remote area power system (RAPS) around the year.…”

Section: Hybrids Solar/ Wind Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the hybrid solar system

Alktranee

Bencs

2020

Anal. Tech. Szeged.

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This paper investigates the uses of solar energy systems in various applications to define the most appropriate system that has highly efficient and reliable. Most of the urban even rural areas that suffer from lack of continuous power supplies it prefer to depend on hybrid systems like solar/wind systems, solar/geothermal system and solar/diesel-battery systems. Investigation indicates that hybrid systems could meet the required loads in different proportions depending on the operating conditions and components of the hybrid system compare with the separate system but has complexity regarding their components of the system with the high initial cost Moreover, Utilize hybrid solar/thermal system is more sufficient than had systems that mentioned as a result of the improvements at his parts to increase the overall efficiency by use PCM, nanofluid or a mix of PCM - nanofluid as cooling the PV panel to keep the efficiency of the solar cells and increase thermal energy. Thus, hybrid solar/thermal systems had proven effective to meet the required loads of electric energy and good capacity to provide thermal energy simultaneously without toxic emissions with a negligible complexity of its components.

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“…For example, Zahnd et al tested a small-scaled solar-wind hybrid model with lead-acid batteries in a Nepal village. The results from their experiment showed that the solar PV panels and wind turbine complemented each other to meet the load or storage in the lead-acid battery, and this hybrid system was able to extend the average power generation time by 3 to 4 h per day [16]. Furthermore, Bekele and Palm studied the feasibility of integrating a wind-solar power system with a diesel generator for residential application in a remote area [17].…”

Section: Existing Renewable Energy Utilization Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Techno–Environment–Economic Evaluation of an Innovative Hybrid Renewable Energy Harvester System for Residential Application

et al. 2019

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A technical, environmental, and economic feasibility study for a patented hybrid renewable energy harvester system for residential application is conducted in this paper. This system can be mounted on top of an existing residential building to provide electricity from renewable sources. The system is characterized by its V-shaped roof guide vane (VRGV) that directs and augments airflow into the wind turbine, to enhance the rotational and power generation performance of the wind turbines in low wind speed areas. Furthermore, the VRGV increases the installation area for the solar photovoltaic panels and expand the rainwater collection area for the building, and facilitates natural ventilation and prevents excessive solar radiation into the room. The environment–economic evaluation of the system is conducted based on the life-cycle cost (LCC) in terms of low carbon and economic cost-effectiveness. The evaluation of the system with dimensions of 15 m (L) × 16 m (W) × 17.05 m (H) showed that the annual energy generated is 21.130 MWh. Annual low-carbon benefit of the system is estimated to be 11.894 t. The cumulative net present value (NPV) of the system in the life cycle time (20 years) is $52,207.247, with the consideration of a discount rate of 8%; also, the cash flow breakeven occurs in the 11th year. It is important to note that the carbon payback period (CPP) of the system is five years.

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Minimizing the Lead-Acid Battery Bank Capacity through a Solar PV - Wind Turbine Hybrid System for a high-altitude village in the Nepal Himalayas

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Energy Balancing of Power System Considering Periodic Behavioral Pattern of Renewable Energy Sources and Demands

Energy Balancing of Power System Considering Periodic Behavioral Pattern of Renewable Energy Sources and Demands

Overview of the hybrid solar system

Preliminary Techno–Environment–Economic Evaluation of an Innovative Hybrid Renewable Energy Harvester System for Residential Application

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