Minimizing the influence of recoding in the Implicit Association Test: The Recoding-Free Implicit Association Test (IAT-RF)

Rothermund, Klaus; Teige‐Mocigemba, Sarah; Gast, Anne; Wentura, Dirk

doi:10.1080/17470210701822975

Cited by 106 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…7 The discovery of method related variance on IAT effects has led to the emergence of a second generation of IAT alternatives that aim to circumvent the block structure of the task and its relativistic nature. Examples include the Single Block IAT (Teige-Mocigemba, Klauer, & Rothermund, 2008), Recoding Free IAT (Rothermund et al, 2009) and the Sorting Paired Features Task (Bar-Anan, Nosek, & Vianello, 2009). Equally, a number of strategies have also been devised to reduce method variance on sematic and evaluative priming tasks (see Wentura & Degner, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For tasks involving a block structure and alternating response options (such as the IAT) stimulus-response compatibility (De Houwer, 2001), task switching (Klauer & Mierke, 2005), figure-ground asymmetry (Rothermund & Wentura, 2004), recoding (Rothermund, Teige-Mocigemba, Gast, & Wentura, 2009), and block order (Nosek, Greenwald, & Banaji, 2007) may influence not only the absolute size but potentially the rank order of obtained effects. Likewise, intentionally rating the primes instead of the targets (Bar-Anan & Nosek, 2012), attention to category membership (Gawronski, Cunningham, LeBel, & Deutsch, 2010), length of stimulus onset asynchrony and backward checking strategies represent sources of construct irrelevant variance on priming tasks (see Wentura & Degner, 2010 for a detailed discussion).…”

Section: Procedural Properties (Construct Irrelevant)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holding on to our functional roots when exploring new intellectual islands: A voyage through implicit cognition research

Hughes

Barnes‐Holmes

Vahey

2012

Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science

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a b s t r a c tThroughout much of the past two decades, contextual behavioral science has been applied to a diverse spectrum of psychological phenomena. This intellectual voyage into uncharted waters has brought with it exciting new developments at the methodological and theoretical levels as well as increased contact with other philosophical frameworks such as mechanism. This expansion into new territories requires that the researcher carefully walk a tight-rope between different intellectual traditions-an activity that is subject to several challenges and dangers. In the following paper we provide a detailed map on how to navigate such pitfalls in the study of implicit cognition. We open with a comprehensive overview of the core assumptions and analytic strategies upon which the cognitive (mechanistic) and functional (contextual) traditions have been built. As we shall see, both traditions have sought to understand, predict, and in some cases influence, behavior using radically different conceptual, theoretical and methodological tools. The Relational Elaboration and Coherence (REC) model as well as the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) are offered as examples of how researchers can explore the domain of implicit cognition from a purely functional perspective. Finally, we examine the possibility that although the cognitive and functional frameworks operate at two independent levels of analysis each may be mutually informed by the work of the other, to the benefit of both.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Procedural Properties (Construct Irrelevant)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holding on to our functional roots when exploring new intellectual islands: A voyage through implicit cognition research

Hughes

Barnes‐Holmes

Vahey

2012

Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a result, it is difficult to interpret the meaning of IAT effects because it is unclear with regard to which feature the target and attribute categories are compatible. To overcome this problem of the IAT, Rothermund and colleagues recently introduced a modified version of the IAT, which they termed IAT-RF (short for 'Recoding-Free IAT'; Rothermund, Teige-Mocigemba, Gast, & Wentura, 2009). Basically, the IAT-RF aims to eliminate effects of recoding by abandoning the block structure of the IAT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beer makes the heart grow fonder: single-target implicit attitudes toward beer but not alcohol are related to drinking behaviour in regular beer drinkers

Houben¹,

Wiers²

2009

NEJP

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Previous studies demonstrated that positive implicit attitudes toward alcohol, assessed with unipolar Implicit Association Tests (IATs), are related to drinking behaviour while negative implicit alcohol attitudes are not. However, because the IAT is a relative measure, the present study aimed at replicating these findings with non-relative unipolar Single Target-IATs (STIATs). Further, participants performed ST-IATs with either alcohol or beer as the target concept. Because we only included regular beer drinkers in this study, it was expected that scores on the beer ST-IAT would be more strongly related to drinking behaviour than scores on the alcohol ST-IAT. Consistent with previous findings, both alcohol and beer ST-IATs supported the coexistence of positive and negative implicit alcohol-related attitudes. Further, correlational analyses showed that positive implicit attitudes toward beer were related to drinking behaviour, while negative implicit attitudes were not. Implicit attitudes toward alcohol, in contrast, were unrelated to drinking behaviour. Hence, these findings suggest that the beer ST-IAT assessed more behaviour-relevant implicit attitudes compared with the alcohol ST-IAT. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed and suggestions for future research are given in the discussion. (Netherlands Journal of Psychology, 65,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) Keywords: alcohol; implicit attitudes; Implicit Association TestThe past decade, there has been a surge of interest in implicit attitudes in many areas of psychological research, including research on the aetiology and maintenance of addictive behaviours.

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“…In the pre-training assessment stage, participants completed a recoding-free version of the implicit association task (Houben, Rothermund & Wiers, 2009;Rothermund, Teige-Mocigemba, Gast & Wentura, 2009). This not only shortened the task (from the standard 5 blocks to 3 blocks), but also made the critical phase (Block 3) more similar to the training stage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit approach–avoidance associations for craved food cues.

Kemps¹,

Tiggemann²,

Martin³

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

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Implicit approach associations are well documented for substances such as alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. This paper reports two experiments designed to establish and modify such associations specifically in the food craving domain. Experiment 1 used a pictorial implicit association task to examine approach-avoidance associations with chocolate cues in a sample of 48 undergraduate women. Participants were faster to respond to trials that paired chocolate pictures and approach words, and trials that paired pictures of highly desired food items not containing chocolate and avoid words, than the converse pairings. The magnitude of this approach bias was positively correlated with participants' reported chocolate craving. Experiment 2 examined whether chocolate-related approach associations can be modified. Using a modified implicit association task, 96 undergraduate women were trained to associate chocolate pictures either with approach or with avoid words. As predicted, chocolate-approach associations increased in the approach group and decreased in the avoid group.Additionally, the approach group reported stronger chocolate cravings following training; in contrast, cravings tended to decrease in the avoid group. These results are consistent with incentive-and cognitive-motivational accounts of craving, and support and extend reports of approach biases (and the re-training of those biases) for other substances, including alcohol and cigarettes, to the food domain. They also offer potential scope for curbing unwanted food cravings in the context of problem eating behaviour.

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Minimizing the influence of recoding in the Implicit Association Test: The Recoding-Free Implicit Association Test (IAT-RF)

Cited by 106 publications

References 38 publications

Holding on to our functional roots when exploring new intellectual islands: A voyage through implicit cognition research

Holding on to our functional roots when exploring new intellectual islands: A voyage through implicit cognition research

Beer makes the heart grow fonder: single-target implicit attitudes toward beer but not alcohol are related to drinking behaviour in regular beer drinkers

Implicit approach–avoidance associations for craved food cues.

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