Minimization of inorganic particulate matter emissions with a novel multi-fuel combustion technology that enhances inorganic retention in a compact updraft fixed-bed

Archan, Georg; Scharler, Robert; Buchmayr, Markus; Kienzl, Norbert; Hochenauer, Christoph; Gruber, Johann; Anca-Couce, Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123611

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In order to provide heat when solar energy is absent or scarce, a biomass boiler is used as a backup system. The boiler is based on a novel biomass combustion technology aiming at achieving a strong reduction of NOX and particle matter emissions with several alternative fuels: wood chips, pellet, woody, agricultural and herbaceous fuels [14]. In this way, the performance of the Hybrid-BioVGE system can be optimised since the backup boiler can be fed with the cheapest or the most widespread fuel available in the location where the system is installed.…”

Section: The Hybrid-biovge Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the energy performance of a solar/biomass hybrid system for the climatization of smalland medium-scale buildings

Dongellini,

Moser,

Varga

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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The H2020 EU-funded project Hybrid-BioVGE aims to develop an efficient system entirely based on solar energy and biomass for the climatization of buildings during both the heating and cooling seasons. The most innovative component of the concept is a solar-driven Variable Geometry Ejector (VGE) cooling cycle, which can adjust its internal geometry with two degrees of freedom, according to the effective operating conditions. This paper presents the components of the Hybrid-BioVGE concept and describes a demonstrator of the proposed solution installed in a single-family house in Porto (Portugal). The main characteristics of the building, the size and typology of thermal energy storages included in the system are presented as well. In order to demonstrate the energy-saving potential of the Hybrid-BioVGE concept, the numerical model of the demonstrator was implemented in the TRNSYS 18 environment. Outcomes of simulations include the system’s energy performance for both heating and cooling seasons, the achievable solar fraction and the VGE efficiency. Numerical results show that up to 98% of the system energy input derives from renewable sources, with a solar fraction of 61.5%, during the heating season. On the contrary, the seasonal performance factor in cooling operating mode is lower than expected. The VGE cooling cycle efficiency is mainly penalised by the heat rejection loop, which should be optimised to achieve the best performance.

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Section: The Hybrid-biovge Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the energy performance of a solar/biomass hybrid system for the climatization of smalland medium-scale buildings

Dongellini,

Moser,

Varga

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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“…Measurements by Jancauskas and Buinevicius [16] demonstrated that the temperature in the primary combustion zone decreases with flue gas recirculation, just above the fuel bed. In the work by Archan et al [17], the use of flue gas recirculation was found to diminish the average temperature due to the lower oxygen partial pressure and higher inert gas content, avoiding the formation of slag on the grate. As a result of temperature reduction, the entrainment of solid particles and the vaporization of inorganic compounds are also reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Flue Gas Recirculation on CO, PM and NOx Emissions in Pellet Stove Combustion

Polonini

Petrocelli²,

Lezzi

2023

Energies

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Pellet stoves are popular appliances because they are an affordable technology and because the fuel is easy to store and to use. The increasing concern for environmental issues, however, requires a continuous effort to reduce pollutant levels in the atmosphere. This experimental work focuses on flue gas recirculation (FGR) as a possible way to improve combustion and decrease the emissions of carbon monoxide CO, particulate matter PM, and nitrogen oxides NOx in order to fulfill European and Italian emission requirements, for NOx in particular. A pellet stove has been tested in several experimental sessions with and without FGR. Pollutant emissions have been measured and analyzed in terms of statistical summaries and instantaneous trends. With FGR, the average CO and PM emissions were found to be 80% and 45% lower than the corresponding emissions without FGR. Results for PM are significant since FGR reduces emissions well below the most restrictive limits enforced in Italy. The analysis of instantaneous emissions in relation to excess air indicated that FGR can considerably reduce emissions, especially at the extremities of the oxygen O2 content range. Optimal ranges of excess air, in terms of O2 in flue gas, were identified for both the tested configurations, in which CO and PM emissions are minimized. The optimal range is 8–9% without FGR, and it decreases to 5–7% with FGR. Finally, a reduction in NOx emissions by about 11% has been observed in the configuration with FGR. Although this reduction seems modest as compared to CO and PM, it is important in that it lowers the emission level to the most severe limit in Italian regulations and indicates an improved FGR system as the solution for further reduction.

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“…9 The role of secondary air in biomass combustion becomes very important due to high volatile matter content of biomass, which requires a further supply of air at the second stage above the fuel bed. 10 Whilst a number of work have already been published on biomass combustion in a fixed bed on the current configuration recently, 9,[11][12][13] there remains ambiguity on the exact flow dynamics induced through the use of secondary air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary air induced flow structures and mixing in a fixed bed combustor

Junejo

Chapela

Porteiro

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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Air staging features widely in biomass combustion from small space heaters to industrial-scale moving grate systems. Whilst studies have been conducted into the impact of air staging on emissions and combustion performance, there is little or no insight into the exact flow dynamic and physical mechanisms that are induced by secondary air under such conditions. This paper uses experimental data to validate numerical predictions before investigating the flow field structures and mixing characteristics in a fixed bed air staged combustor. The study utilizes Constant Temperature Anemometry (CTA) experiments to establish boundary conditions for a lab-scale fixed bed combustor. Results from numerical simulations obtained using [Formula: see text] l- 𝜔 model were in good agreement with experimental data. Conditions tested cover five different secondary to total air ratios (Qs/Qt) and two different locations of secondary air injection. Results show that at Qs/Qt = 0.50, 0.25 and 0.18 one strong recirculation zone is induced upstream of the secondary air injection and one downstream. Varying the point of injection of secondary air from h/D = 0.64 to h/D = 0.40 also had an effect on the size of the upstream recirculation zone. Qs/Qt = 0.50 had the highest values of mixing index among all spatially located planes at the upstream of secondary air injection. The overall findings shed light on the possible flow interactions between secondary air and the top layers of fuel bed. They also highlight the significance of secondary air on inducing both upstream and downstream flow structures.

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Minimization of inorganic particulate matter emissions with a novel multi-fuel combustion technology that enhances inorganic retention in a compact updraft fixed-bed

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Assessment of the energy performance of a solar/biomass hybrid system for the climatization of smalland medium-scale buildings

Assessment of the energy performance of a solar/biomass hybrid system for the climatization of smalland medium-scale buildings

The Effect of Flue Gas Recirculation on CO, PM and NOx Emissions in Pellet Stove Combustion

Secondary air induced flow structures and mixing in a fixed bed combustor

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