Minimization of Fuel Consumption in City Bus Transportation: A Case Study for Izmir

Eliiyi, Uğur; Nasibov, Effendi; Özkılçık, Mefharet; Kuvvetli, Ümit

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.742

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…(5) Among air conditioned (A/C) bus fleet depots-7, 13, 18, 25, and 28, depot-7 dead kilometers are less than 1%, as it is located at the center of the city, and 60% of BMTC routes starts from this point. (6) The depots that are located near to bus stations as well as near to route starting/ending point incurred less dead kilometers. Therefore, location of the depot and the type operation of schedule affect dead kilometers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have employed many analytical tools to solve dead kilometers minimization problem, and some of them are discussed in the succeeding sections. Methods such as heuristic algorithms, branch and bound algorithms , and Lexicographic Goal Programming (LGP) are also used to solve dead kilometers minimization problem, which is a mixed integer program.…”

Section: Previous Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For all models, it is assumed that route starting and ending points are at the same place. Ugar Elliyi et al developed a multi‐criteria model that takes into account the fuzzy levels of passenger satisfaction and parking safety combined with the dead mileage minimization objective. Djiba et al developed a mixed integer 0–1 linear program to solve the problem of minimizing the cumulative distances covered by all the buses optimizing dead mileage.…”

Section: Previous Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of bus allocation to depots by minimizing dead kilometers

Mahadikar

Mulangi

Sitharam

2015

J of Advced Transportation

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SUMMARYIn metropolitan cities, public transportation service plays a vital role in mobility of people, and it has to introduce new routes more frequently due to the fast development of the city in terms of population growth and city size. Whenever there is introduction of new route or increase in frequency of buses, the nonrevenue kilometers covered by the buses increases as depot and route starting/ending points are at different places. This non-revenue kilometers or dead kilometers depends on the distance between depot and route starting point/ending point. The dead kilometers not only results in revenue loss but also results in an increase in the operating cost because of the extra kilometers covered by buses. Reduction of dead kilometers is necessary for the economic growth of the public transportation system. Therefore, in this study, the attention is focused on minimizing dead kilometers by optimizing allocation of buses to depots depending upon the shortest distance between depot and route starting/ending points. We consider also depot capacity and time period of operation during allocation of buses to ensure parking safety and proper maintenance of buses. Mathematical model is developed considering the aforementioned parameters, which is a mixed integer program, and applied to Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) routes operating presently in order to obtain optimal bus allocation to depots. Database for dead kilometers of depots in BMTC for all the schedules are generated using the Form-4 (trip sheet) of each schedule to analyze depot-wise and division-wise dead kilometers. This study also suggests alternative locations where depots can be located to reduce dead kilometers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of bus allocation to depots by minimizing dead kilometers

Mahadikar

Mulangi

Sitharam

2015

J of Advced Transportation

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“…Based on a quick analysis of literature, it is observed that the ACBD problem considers two different broad objectives: one is minimizing the dead kilometers, and the other is minimizing the dead kilometer cost. The problem of minimizing the dead kilometers has been widely addressed in India and other countries (Prakash et al 1999;Mathirajan et al 2010;Djiba et al 2012;Eliiyi et al 2012;Nasibov et al 2013;Mahadikar et al 2015) with some assumptions. However, since every bus has a different mileage for every unit of fuel, minimizing the dead kilometer cost (DKC) is a more appropriate objective function.…”

Section: Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Heuristic Methods for Minimizing the Cost of City Bus Operations of Indian Urban Road Transportation Organizations

Mathirajan¹

2022

Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management

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The statistics on financial performances of Indian-Urban Road Transportation Organizations (I-URTOs) indicate that almost every I-URTO is facing huge losses in operating city buses. Considering monetary loss and increased fuel cost, there is a need to address decision problem(s) to minimize the cost of city bus operations (CCBO) without increasing bus fares. These buses traverse many non-revenue generating distances. One such distance is the 'dead kilometers' (DK) which is the summation of the distance traversed from the depot to starting point of first trip and ending point of last trip to the depot without carrying passengers. A report by the Central Institute of Road Transport (CIRT) revealed more than 27 crores DK being incurred in 2016-2017. An efficient allocation of city buses to depots (ACBD) not only reduces DK but also reduces CCBO. The problem of minimizing DK is addressed widely. However, since every bus has a different mileage per unit of fuel, minimizing DK cost (DKC) is more appropriate, which has not been considered in India. Hence, this study considers this issue. Since ACBD can be viewed as a special type of transportation problem, 8 best initial basic feasible solution (IBFS) methods reported in the literature are considered to reduce CCBO. From the performance evaluation, the best-performing method is identified. As this is an ongoing Ph.D. dissertation work, many future research activities like developing and/or including a greater number of IBFS methods, considering depot operating costs/cost due to CO2 /etc. are in the pipeline as immediate future research issues.

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