Minimization of cost and congestion management using interline power flow controller

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to optimally locate and size the FACTS device, namely, interline power flow controller in order to minimize the total cost and relieve congestion in a power system. This security analysis helps independent system operator (ISO) to have a better planning and market clearing criteria during any operating state of the system. Design/methodology/approach A multi-objective optimization problem has been developed including real power performance index (RPPI) and expected security cost (ESC). A security constrained optimal power flow has been developed as expected security cost optimal power flow problem which gives the probabilities of operating the system in all possible pre-contingency and post-contingency states subjected to various equality and inequality constraints. Maximizing social welfare is the objective function considered for normal state, while minimizing compensations for generations rescheduling and maximizing social welfare are the objectives in case of contingency states. The proposed work is viewed as a two level problem wherein the upper-level problem is to optimally locate IPFC using RPPI and the lower-level problem is to minimize the ESC subjected to various system constraints. Both upper-level and lower-level problem are solved using particle swarm optimization and The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested under severe line outages and has been validated using IEEE 30 bus system. Findings The proposed methodology shows that IPFC controls the power flows in the network without generation rescheduling or topological changes and thus improves the performance of the system. It is found that the benefit achieved in the ESC due to the installation of IPFC is greater than the annual investment cost of the device. ISO cannot achieve minimum total system cost by merely rescheduling generators. Instead of rescheduling, FACTS devices can be used for compensation by achieving minimum cost. IPFC can be used to compensate the congested lines and transfer cheaper power from generators to consumers. Originality/value Operational reliability, financial profitability and efficient utilization of the existing transmission system infrastructure has been achieved using single FACTS device. Instead of using multiple FATCS devices, if a single FACTS device like IPFC which itself can compensate several transmission lines is used, then in addition to the facility for independently controlled reactive (series) compensation of each individual line, it provides a capability to directly transfer real power between the compensated lines. Hence an attempt has been made in this paper to incorporate IPFC for relieving congestion in a deregulated environment. However, no previous researches have considered incorporating compensation of multi-transmission line using single IPFC in minimizing ESC. Thus, in this paper, the authors indicate how much the ESC is reduced by installing IPFC.

A Soft Computing-Based Analysis of Congestion Management in Transmission Systems

“…PSO is employed as an optimization algorithm to minimize LUF, CI and GSF for congestion management by considering the IEEE test system. The generalized PSO algorithm was explained in an earlier research study [6,14].…”

“…V. Subramaniyan [5] et al proposed a method to minimize the congestion on the transmission line by integrating Solar Photovoltaics into the system. Uma Velayutham [6] et al proposed an algorithm to mitigate congestion and to minimize the cost of the system by using IPFC (Interline Power Flow Controller) by a factor called RPPI (Real Power Performance Index). Sadhan Gope [7] et al proposed a congestion management model for the New England test system (IEEE 39 Bus system) using factors such as Bus Sensitivity Factor (BSF) and Generator Shift Factor (GSF) to optimally locate the pumped hydro storage tank.…”

A Social-Welfare based OPF for Integrated Power System with Unified Power Flow Controller

“…FACTS device deployment and tuning must be done properly in order to address the various power system problems. Power system congestion and contingency issues have been successfully resolved with IPFC [9,10]. Since an IPFC has multiple terminals, it is necessary to plan the ideal position for each IPFC converter [11].…”

Strategic Placement of Solar Power Plant and Interline Power Flow Controllers for Prevention of Blackouts

“…The modeling of IPFC has been performed considering a lossless system [9,10]. The IPFC has been found to be very effective for solving power system congestion and contingency issues [11,12]. Since an IPFC is a multi-terminal device, a correct location for each of the IPFC converters has to be planned [13].…”