“…Indirect decompression effects caused by reduction of spondylolisthesis and disc space widening, as with ALIF, are observed with LLIF. 2,4,12,13 Disc height restoration by LLIF results in foraminal widening.12,13 Therefore, because LLIF is not feasible for direct decompression, it has limited indications for severe canal stenosis or concomitant ruptured disc herniation. 2 We recently attempted adding endoscopic discectomy to OLIF before insertion of the fusion cage.…”