Minichromosome maintenance proteins in eukaryotic chromosome segregation

Mehta, Gunjan; Sanyal, Kaustuv; Abhishek, Suman; Rajakumara, Eerappa; Ghosh, Santanu

doi:10.1002/bies.202100218

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…Cdc6, which encodes for the protein cell division cycle 6, an essential regulator for the DNA replication, was highly downregulated at both doses, and this, as a consequence, downregulates the gene encoding for MCM. Mki67, which encodes for the proliferation marker protein Ki-67, was downregulated at both concentrations, confirming a block of the DNA replication and consequently of the mitosis [ 29 ]. The gene Pcna that encode for the protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is downregulated at both concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol Promotes Neuronal Differentiation Using Akt and Erk Pathways Triggered by Cb1 Signaling

et al. 2022

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Recently, the scientific community has started to focus on the neurogenic potential of cannabinoids. The phytocompound cannabidiol (CBD) shows different mechanism of signaling on cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), depending on its concentration. In this study, we investigated if CBD may induce in vitro neuronal differentiation after treatment at 5 µM and 10 µM. For this purpose, we decided to use the spinal cord × neuroblastoma hybrid cell line (NSC-34) because of its proliferative and undifferentiated state. The messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles were tested using high-throughput sequencing technology and Western blot assay was used to determine the number of main proteins in different pathways. Interestingly, the treatment shows different genes associated with neurodifferentiation statistically significant, such as Rbfox3, Tubb3, Pax6 and Eno2. The CB1 signaling pathway is responsible for neuronal differentiation at 10 µM, as suggested by the presence of p-ERK and p-AKT, but not at 5 µM. A new correlation between CBD, neurodifferentiation and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs) has been observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol Promotes Neuronal Differentiation Using Akt and Erk Pathways Triggered by Cb1 Signaling

et al. 2022

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“…Since bmh1∆ bmh2∆ double mutant cells showed sensitivity to the anti-microtubule drug (Fig 1A), loss of kinetochore signal after formation of bi-lobed configuration (Fig 1D), and a substantial delay in anaphase separation of the chromosomes (Fig 1D ), we hypothesize that perhaps the KT-MT attachment dynamics are perturbed in these cells. Earlier studies have reported that non-essential kinetochore proteins contribute to proper organization of the kinetochore and thereby promote high-fidelity chromosome segregation (reviewed in Mehta et al 2022). Therefore, we wished to examine the organization of the kinetochore in the absence of Bmh proteins using chromatin spread with a hypothesis that localization of the kinetochore proteins at the centromeres will be altered without the Bmh proteins.…”

Section: Bmh Proteins Are Necessary For Stable Kt-mt Attachment Dynam...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of 14-3-3 proteins contributing to kinetochore integrity and chromosome congression during mitosis

Anbalagan,

Agarwal,

Ghosh

2023

Preprint

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The 14-3-3 family of proteins are conserved across eukaryotes and serve myriad important regulatory functions of the cell. Homo/heterodimers of these protein homologs, majorly recognize their ligands via conserved motifs from a plethora of cellular proteins to modulate the localization and functions of those effector ligands. In most of the genetic backgrounds ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, disruption of both 14-3-3 homologs (Bmh1 and Bmh2) are either lethal or survive with severe growth defects showing gross chromosomal missegregation and prolonged cell cycle arrest. To elucidate their contributions to chromosome segregation, in this work we investigated their centromere/kinetochore-related functions. Analysis of appropriate deletion mutants shows that Bmh isoforms have cumulative and unshared isoform-specific contributions in maintaining the proper integrity of the kinetochore ensemble. Consequently,bmhmutant cells exhibited perturbations in kinetochore-microtubule (KT-MT) dynamics, characterized by kinetochore declustering, mis-localization of kinetochore proteins, and Mad2-mediated transient G2/M arrest. These defects also caused an asynchronous chromosome congression inbmhmutants during metaphase. In summary, this report advances the knowledge on contributions of budding yeast 14-3-3 proteins in chromosome segregation by demonstrating their roles in kinetochore integrity and chromosome congression.

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“…However, the non-essential proteins of the Ctf19 sub-complex (Ctf19c) of the kinetochore (Mehta et al, 2022) were not shown to hinder chromosome condensation (Kruitwagen et al, 2018) as expected from their dispensability in mitotic growth. However, we have shown earlier that in absence of these non-essential proteins, meiosis is severely affected as several meiosis specific events are perturbed (Ghosh et al, 2004, Mehta et al, 2014, Agarwal et al, 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies revealed that this happens through kinetochore-mediated centromeric and pericentromeric recruitment of several proteins including cohesins (Guacci et al, 1997, Lavoie et al, 2004,), shugoshin (Peplowska et al, 2014, Kruitwagen et al, 2018, Yahya et al, 2020), 14-3-3 protein, Bmh1 (Jain et al, 2021) and enzymes such as aurora B kinase, Ipl1 (Giet et al, 2001, Petersen et al, 2003, Lavoie et al, 2004,), polo-like kinase, Cdc5 (St. Pierre et al, 2009, Bazile et al, 2010, Leonard et al, 2015, Lamothe et al, 2020,) and a histone deacetylase, Hst2 (Wilkins et al, 2014, Kruitwagen et al, 2015, 2018, Jain et al, 2021). However, the non-essential proteins of the Ctf19 sub-complex (Ctf19c) of the kinetochore (Mehta et al, 2022) were not shown to hinder chromosome condensation (Kruitwagen et al, 2018) as expected from their dispensability in mitotic growth. However, we have shown earlier that in absence of these non-essential proteins, meiosis is severely affected as several meiosis specific events are perturbed (Ghosh et al, 2004, Mehta et al, 2014, Agarwal et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-essential kinetochore proteins contribute to meiotic chromosome condensation through polo-like kinase

Trakroo,

Agarwal,

Alekar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Chromosome condensation plays a pivotal role during faithful chromosome segregation, hence understanding the factors that drive condensation is crucial to get mechanistic insight into chromosome segregation. The results of our in vivo chromosome condensation assays in budding yeast reveal that chromosomes undergo a higher degree of condensation during meiosis than in mitosis. Earlier the non-essential kinetochore proteins were shown to have several significant meiotic functions. We conclude that these proteins might also have a role in achieving higher meiotic condensation since we observed meiotic-specific condensation defects in the absence of the non-essential kinetochore protein, Ctf19. To address the mechanism involved, we observed an accumulation of the polo-like kinase Cdc5 owing to its higher protein stability in ctf19Delta meiotic cells. High Cdc5 activity perhaps leads to hyper-phosphorylation of the condensin which shows reduced stability with concomitant decreased association with the chromatin. Overall, our findings highlight the role of Ctf19 in promoting meiotic chromosome condensation by influencing the activity of Cdc5 and thereby affecting the stability and association of condensin with the chromatin.

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Minichromosome maintenance proteins in eukaryotic chromosome segregation

Cited by 8 publications

References 99 publications

Cannabidiol Promotes Neuronal Differentiation Using Akt and Erk Pathways Triggered by Cb1 Signaling

Cannabidiol Promotes Neuronal Differentiation Using Akt and Erk Pathways Triggered by Cb1 Signaling

Evidence of 14-3-3 proteins contributing to kinetochore integrity and chromosome congression during mitosis

Non-essential kinetochore proteins contribute to meiotic chromosome condensation through polo-like kinase

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