Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Antennas Based on Negative Order Resonance

Abstract

Miniaturized waveguide slot antennas using negative order resonance are proposed and developed in this paper. The design of these novel resonant-type antennas is based on the study of a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) starting from the dispersion diagram and the equivalent circuit. These proposed CRLH resonators are realized by etching the interdigital slot on the surface of the SIW. The slot acts as a series capacitor as well as a radiator leading to a CRLH antenna application. Two types of slot antennas, which are openended and short-ended, respectively, are proposed and discussed. The short-ended antenna, which represents a quasi-quarter-wavelength resonator, is characterized by a cavity-backed slot antenna thus providing a high gain. On the other hand, the open-ended antenna exhibits a small size owing to a quasi-half-wavelength operation in the left-handed (LH) region. Four antennas with one or two unit cells are fabricated and measured. Compared with the existing CRLH patch antennas and waveguide slot antennas, our antennas show advantages in terms of simplicity, low-profile, high efficiency, easy fabrication and integration with other circuits.Index Terms-Antenna miniaturization, composite right/lefthanded (CRLH), negative order resonance, slot antennas, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW).

Fractal-Based Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line and Its Applications in Miniaturized Negative-Order Resonant Antennas

“…It is observed that the measured results are agree with the simulated ones. Table 1 for the fabricated and reported NOR antennas with the measured NOR frequency, the antenna's electrical size and the measured peak gain [12,13]. From this Table, the electrical sizes of the fabricated open-ended and short-ended antennas are 75.8% and 74.6% smaller than those of the reported counterparts, respectively.…”

“…The equivalent circuit with all the extracted values describes the dispersion relation of the proposed unit-cell very well. Since a longer and thinner Hilbert-fractal slot with more corners provides a larger series capacitance, the proposed unit-cell has a much smaller physical size even with the same lefthanded band (below 8.2 GHz) by comparing with the unit-cell reported in [12,13]. Therefore, the fractal-based CRLH TL can be used to design miniaturized NOR antennas.…”

“…Then, two fractal-based NOR antennas are designed and fabricated. Compared with the reported NOR antennas, the fabricated NOR antennas provide a similar gain level but exhibit a much smaller electrical size [12,13]. to-center spacing around 1 mm.…”

“…However, these antennas are developed based on the microstrip techniques and suffer from low radiation efficiency and gain [9][10][11]. In [12,13], a family of CRLH negative-order resonant (NOR) antennas is proposed. Compared with the existing CRLH zeroth-order resonant antennas [9][10][11], these NOR antennas provide relatively high radiation efficiency and gain.…”

Dual-Band Complementary Split-Ring Resonator (Csrr) With High-Quality Factor and Its Applications in Low Phase Noise Oscillators and Small Multi-Band Diplexers and Filters

“…This technology is produced on a planar substrate with linear periodic arrays of metallic vias based on the printed circuit board (PCB). A structural sample along with required relation, in which SIW technology is used, is shown in Figure 1 [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”