Miniaturized Ionic Polarization Diodes for Neurotransmitter Release at Synaptic Speeds

Sjöström, Theresia Arbring; Jönsson, Anna K.; Gabrielsson, Erik O.; Berggren, Magnus; Simon, Daniel T.; Tybrandt, Klas

doi:10.1002/admt.201900750

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[ 36 ] Ionic diodes and their applications in the fields of sensory systems and controllable release are constructed based on this principle. For example, Simon and co‐workers realized neurotransmitter release at synaptic speeds by constructing miniaturized ionic polarization diodes; [ 37 ] Sun et al realized ionic signal amplification through an open‐junction ionic diode. [ 38 ]…”

Section: Mechanism Of Accurate Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

et al. 2020

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All biological systems, including animals and plants, communicate in a language of ions and small molecules, while the modern information infrastructures and technologies rely on a language of electrons. Although electronics and bioelectronics have made great progress in the past several decades, they still face the disadvantage of signal transformation when communicating with biology. To narrow the gap between biological systems and artificial‐intelligence systems, bioinspired ion‐transport‐based sensory systems should be developed as successor of electronics, since they can emulate biological functionality more directly and communicate with biology seamlessly. Herein, the essential principles of (accurate) ion transport are introduced, and the recent progress in the development of three elements of an ionic sensory system is reviewed: ionic sensors, ionic processors, and ionic interfaces. The current challenges and future developments of ion‐transport‐based sensory systems are also discussed.

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Section: Mechanism Of Accurate Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

et al. 2020

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“…4 , Supplementary Movie 1 ) which is within the temporal range of neurological disorders and symptoms such as pain 35 , epilepsy 22 , and tremor 36 . In future embodiments of the system, advances in high-speed OEIP technology (on the scale of 1–10 ms switching 37 , 38 ) could greatly enhance temporal dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digital nervous system aiming toward personalized IoT healthcare

Armgarth

Pantzare²,

Arvén³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Body area networks (BANs), cloud computing, and machine learning are platforms that can potentially enable advanced healthcare outside the hospital. By applying distributed sensors and drug delivery devices on/in our body and connecting to such communication and decision-making technology, a system for remote diagnostics and therapy is achieved with additional autoregulation capabilities. Challenges with such autarchic on-body healthcare schemes relate to integrity and safety, and interfacing and transduction of electronic signals into biochemical signals, and vice versa. Here, we report a BAN, comprising flexible on-body organic bioelectronic sensors and actuators utilizing two parallel pathways for communication and decision-making. Data, recorded from strain sensors detecting body motion, are both securely transferred to the cloud for machine learning and improved decision-making, and sent through the body using a secure body-coupled communication protocol to auto-actuate delivery of neurotransmitters, all within seconds. We conclude that both highly stable and accurate sensing—from multiple sensors—are needed to enable robust decision making and limit the frequency of retraining. The holistic platform resembles the self-regulatory properties of the nervous system, i.e., the ability to sense, communicate, decide, and react accordingly, thus operating as a digital nervous system.

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“…[ 287,309,310 ] Scaling planar OEIP architectures can result in prohibitively high voltage requirements. [ 16 ] A number of alternative architectures have been proposed to overcome this issue, including ionic diodes, [ 290,291,311 ] and the integration of microfluidics. [ 16,292 ]…”

Section: Device Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Bioelectronics: Using Highly Conjugated Polymers to Interface with Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues in the Human Body

Higgins

Fiego

Patrick

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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Conjugated polymers exhibit interesting material and optoelectronic properties that make them well‐suited to the development of biointerfaces. Their biologically relevant mechanical characteristics, ability to be chemically modified, and mixed electronic and ionic charge transport are captured within the diverse field of organic bioelectronics. Conjugated polymers are used in a wide range of device architectures, and cell and tissue scaffolds. These devices enable biosensing of many biomolecules, such as metabolites, nucleic acids, and more. Devices can be used to both stimulate and sense the behavior of cells and tissues. Similarly, tissue interfaces permit interaction with complex organs, aiding both fundamental biological understanding and providing new opportunities for stimulating regenerative behaviors and bioelectronic based therapeutics. Applications of these materials are broad, and much continues to be uncovered about their fundamental properties. This report covers the current understanding of the fundamentals of conjugated polymer biointerfaces and their interactions with biomolecules, cells, and tissues in the human body. An overview of current materials and devices is presented, along with highlighted major in vivo and in vitro applications. Finally, open research questions and opportunities are discussed.

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Miniaturized Ionic Polarization Diodes for Neurotransmitter Release at Synaptic Speeds

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

A digital nervous system aiming toward personalized IoT healthcare

Organic Bioelectronics: Using Highly Conjugated Polymers to Interface with Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues in the Human Body

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