Miniaturized Battery‐Free Wireless Systems for Wearable Pulse Oximetry

Kim, Jeonghyun; Gutruf, Philipp; Chiarelli, Antonio Maria; Heo, Seung Yun; Cho, Kyoungyeon; Xie, Zhaoqian; Banks, Anthony; Han, Seungyoung; Jang, Kyung In; Lee, Jung Woo; Lee, Kyu‐Tae; Feng, Xue; Huang, Yonggang; Fabiani, Monica; Gratton, Gabriele; Paik, Ungyu; Rogers, John A.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201604373

Cited by 264 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The data show clear Q, R, and S waveforms with high signal to noise ratio. Another example of battery-free, wireless epidermal electronics uses near-field communication technology (NFC) 83,84 for multicolor light emission from LEDs and detection using photodetectors for measurements of various optical properties of skin. Such designs allow for monitoring of heart rate, tissue oxygenation, pressure pulse dynamics, UV exposure, and skin color.…”

Section: Epidermal Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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Recent progress in the synthesis and deterministic assembly of advanced classes of single crystalline inorganic semiconductor nanomaterial establishes a foundation for high-performance electronics on bendable, and even elastomeric, substrates. The results allow for classes of systems with capabilities that cannot be reproduced using conventional wafer-based technologies. Specifically, electronic devices that rely on the unusual shapes/forms/constructs of such semiconductors can offer mechanical properties, such as flexibility and stretchability, traditionally believed to be accessible only via comparatively low-performance organic materials, with superior operational features due to their excellent charge transport characteristics. Specifically, these approaches allow integration of high-performance electronic functionality onto various curvilinear shapes, with linear elastic mechanical responses to large strain deformations, of particular relevance in bio-integrated devices and bio-inspired designs. This review summarizes some recent progress in flexible electronics based on inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, the key associated design strategies and examples of device components and modules with utility in biomedicine.

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Section: Epidermal Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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“…Thus, many reports still employ both ultrathin film flexible devices and relatively thick films (several hundred micrometers). [1,[4][5][6][7]9,12,16,18,19,22,28] However, the effect of film thickness on sensing has yet to be discussed, although a systematical study is important to realize precise health data recordings. In addition to the wearability and film thickness depedences, biocompatibility of the sensor and film materials is another important parameter to consider for the practical application as a wearable device.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adhm201700495mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, many studies have examined flexible and stretchable sensors to monitor health data [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] such as skin temperature, [9][10][11] electrocardiogram (ECG), [12][13][14][15][16][17] chemical contents in the body through sweat, [18][19][20][21][22][23] and activity. [24,25] These demonstrations are steps toward future wearable multifunctional flexible electronic devices by further developing into a system with improved reliability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Skin Temperature Sensor and Stable Gel‐Less Sticky ECG Sensor for a Wearable Flexible Healthcare Patch

Yamamoto

Takada

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

242

190

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Because a wearable device comprised of a flexible film should be comfortable to wear over the skin, several reports have focused on the film thickness to prepare ultrathin films that are a few micrometers or nanometers thick. [26,27] Thinning a film to this scale should realize a film capable of covering the skin asperity conformally, resulting in a good comfort while wearing and a relatively strong adhesion on skin without glue. However, ultrathin films can be difficult to handle and attach to skin. Additionally, assembling other components such as a signal processing circuit and battery without sacrificing the advantage of thickness remains challenging. Thus, many reports still employ both ultrathin film flexible devices and relatively thick films (several hundred micrometers). [1,[4][5][6][7]9,12,16,18,19,22,28] However, the effect of film thickness on sensing has yet to be discussed, although a systematical study is important to realize precise health data recordings. In addition to the wearability and film thickness depedences, biocompatibility of the sensor and film materials is another important parameter to consider for the practical application as a wearable device.In this study, we explore the dependence of the temperature change, which is measured by a printed temperature sensor fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on thickness. A thick film was selected due to handling ease and ability to integrate other components in the future. However, some sensors such as an ECG sensor must attach onto skin with good adhesion without sacrificing conductivity, and a relatively thick flexible film itself cannot attach to skin without an adhesion layer. To create good adhesion between an ECG sensor and skin without losing conductivity, a high adhesive conductive polymer onto skin is also developed. Although gel-based electrodes are often used in medical applications, gel-based electrodes are unsuited for long-time measurements due to skin irritation. [15] Thus, we developed a gel-less sticky electrode using biocompatible materials by characterizing the adhesion, impedance between skin and the ECG sensor, and repeatability for use. Finally, as a proofof-concept demonstration, simultaneous efficient skin temperature and ECG signal recordings were conducted using a conductive polymer with an optimized film thickness. Figure 1a describes an integrated device image with a temperature sensor, an ECG sensor, an equivalent circuit between Wearable, flexible healthcare devices, which can monitor health data to predict and diagnose disease in advance, benefit society. Toward this future, various flexible and stretchable sensors as well as other components are demonstrated by arranging materials, structures, and processes. Although there are many sensor demonstrations, the fundamental characteristics such as the dependence of a temperature sensor on film thickness and the impact of adhesive for an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor are yet to be explored in detail. In this study, the effect of film thickness for skin te...

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“…In this technique, dynamic control of the interfacial adhesion between the stamp and the object to be transferred plays a crucial role in completing successful transfer printing. As shown in Table 1 , several strategies for adhesion control of transfer printing technique have been proposed and applied in the stretchable bioelectronics fabrication (e.g., complex 3D mesostructures,14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 wireless biomedical devices,17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and epidermal sensor systems23, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Release Transfer Printing for Stretchable Conformal Bioelectronics

et al. 2017

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Soft neural electrode arrays that are mechanically matched between neural tissues and electrodes offer valuable opportunities for the development of disease diagnose and brain computer interface systems. Here, a thermal release transfer printing method for fabrication of stretchable bioelectronics, such as soft neural electrode arrays, is presented. Due to the large, switchable and irreversible change in adhesion strength of thermal release tape, a low‐cost, easy‐to‐operate, and temperature‐controlled transfer printing process can be achieved. The mechanism of this method is analyzed by experiments and fracture‐mechanics models. Using the thermal release transfer printing method, a stretchable neural electrode array is fabricated by a sacrificial‐layer‐free process. The ability of the as‐fabricated electrode array to conform different curvilinear surfaces is confirmed by experimental and theoretical studies. High‐quality electrocorticography signals of anesthetized rat are collected with the as‐fabricated electrode array, which proves good conformal interface between the electrodes and dura mater. The application of the as‐fabricated electrode array on detecting the steady‐state visual evoked potentials research is also demonstrated by in vivo experiments and the results are compared with those detected by stainless‐steel screw electrodes.

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Miniaturized Battery‐Free Wireless Systems for Wearable Pulse Oximetry

Cited by 264 publications

References 22 publications

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

Efficient Skin Temperature Sensor and Stable Gel‐Less Sticky ECG Sensor for a Wearable Flexible Healthcare Patch

Thermal Release Transfer Printing for Stretchable Conformal Bioelectronics

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