“…In the last years, some implementations based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) [ 42 , 43 ] have been proposed. The balun power divider [ 44 ], the planar technology of the Bailey power divider [ 45 ] and the Wilkinson power dividers [ 46 ] have been implemented using SRR or CSRR as the resonant element. In this work, a comparison with different implementations of multilayer power dividers will be offered.…”
The advent of context-aware environments and related applications demands a high degree of connectivity, with new spectral bands and related radio resource management functionalities in the current 5G bands and foreseen in future 6G wireless communication systems. This, in turn, poses new challenges in the implementation of wireless transceivers and radiating systems, in terms of device integration, miniaturization and element isolation, among others. High-performance miniature devices are presented and studied in this work, aided by metamaterial-inspired complementary resonators. A single particle is used to build a single layer, double layer, double frequency resonators and power dividers. A complete characterization of each equivalent circuit is also analyzed, showing great agreement between analytical circuit models and full-wave electromagnetic simulations. By adding more particles, different diplexers and triplexers in the multi-layer configuration are proposed. The flexibility in the design is the key advantage, as all devices are easily tunable and the output lines can be built in different layers, enabling frequency scalability from RF to millimeter wave ranges. Nevertheless, they are only a sample of all possible combinations of devices that can be designed for integration in future wireless communication systems.
“…In the last years, some implementations based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) [ 42 , 43 ] have been proposed. The balun power divider [ 44 ], the planar technology of the Bailey power divider [ 45 ] and the Wilkinson power dividers [ 46 ] have been implemented using SRR or CSRR as the resonant element. In this work, a comparison with different implementations of multilayer power dividers will be offered.…”
The advent of context-aware environments and related applications demands a high degree of connectivity, with new spectral bands and related radio resource management functionalities in the current 5G bands and foreseen in future 6G wireless communication systems. This, in turn, poses new challenges in the implementation of wireless transceivers and radiating systems, in terms of device integration, miniaturization and element isolation, among others. High-performance miniature devices are presented and studied in this work, aided by metamaterial-inspired complementary resonators. A single particle is used to build a single layer, double layer, double frequency resonators and power dividers. A complete characterization of each equivalent circuit is also analyzed, showing great agreement between analytical circuit models and full-wave electromagnetic simulations. By adding more particles, different diplexers and triplexers in the multi-layer configuration are proposed. The flexibility in the design is the key advantage, as all devices are easily tunable and the output lines can be built in different layers, enabling frequency scalability from RF to millimeter wave ranges. Nevertheless, they are only a sample of all possible combinations of devices that can be designed for integration in future wireless communication systems.
“…Power dividers based on SRRs were used to design power dividers in different configurations-such as Wilkinson power dividers [29] and Bailey power dividers [30]and also in substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) structures [31]. The use of composite right-handed/left-handed has also been employed in the design of multilayer power dividers [32].…”
A new analytic design for multilayer stripline devices in planar circuit technology is presented. The Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) is used as a sub-wavelength resonant particle, which provides high-Q resonances in a compact size. The electromagnetic field distribution achieved along the stripline enables enhanced excitation of the resonators. An optimal solution for multilayer power dividers is presented, in a configuration in which each output is obtained in different layers and also in a different layer than the input line. The solution is expanded to design different devices, such as diplexers, resonators, and multi-frequency resonators, leading to vertical filters. As the resonances are achieved by stacking resonators, the effective circuit footprint is very compact. The proposed devices can be implemented in a volumetric chip fashion, allowing integration with planar transmission line circuits and flexible output connection placement. A complete analysis of the different devices is proposed, extracting and verifying their equivalent circuit models.
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