Miniature temperature dataloggers for mapping and monitoring of permafrost in high mountain areas: first experience from the Swiss Alps

Hoelzle, Martin; Wegmann, Matthias; Krummenacher, B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1530(199904/06)10:2<113::aid-ppp317>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 125 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The observed pattern of frozen conditions below the ridges and unfrozen conditions below the furrows contrasts the commonly known distribution pattern, which shows colder temperatures in the furrows due to topographic or microclimatic effects (Hoelzle 1999;Harris and Pedersen, 1998). The formation of the characteristic ridge-furrow topography on the rock glacier surface is known to result from compressive processes (Frehner et al, 2015;Springman et al, 2012;Kääb and Weber, 2004).…”

Section: Structure Of Uertsch Rock Glaciermentioning

confidence: 86%

Internal structure of two alpine rock glaciers investigated by quasi-3-D electrical resistivity imaging

Emmert

Kneisel

2017

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Interactions between different formative processes are reflected in the internal structure of rock glaciers. Therefore, the detection of subsurface conditions can help to enhance our understanding of landform development. For an assessment of subsurface conditions, we present an analysis of the spatial variability of active layer thickness, ground ice content and frost table topography for two different rock glaciers in the Eastern Swiss Alps by means of quasi-3-D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI). This approach enables an extensive mapping of subsurface structures and a spatial overlay between site-specific surface and subsurface characteristics. At Nair rock glacier, we discovered a gradual descent of the frost table in a downslope direction and a constant decrease of ice content which follows the observed surface topography. This is attributed to ice formation by refreezing meltwater from an embedded snow bank or from a subsurface ice patch which reshapes the permafrost layer. The heterogeneous ground ice distribution at Uertsch rock glacier indicates that multiple processes on different time domains were involved in the development. Resistivity values which represent frozen conditions vary within a wide range and indicate a successive formation which includes several advances, past glacial overrides and creep processes on the rock glacier surface. In combination with the observed topography, quasi-3-D ERI enables us to delimit areas of extensive and compressive flow in close proximity. Excellent data quality was provided by a good coupling of electrodes to the ground in the pebbly material of the investigated rock glaciers. Results show the value of the quasi-3-D ERI approach but advise the application of complementary geophysical methods for interpreting the results.

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Section: Structure Of Uertsch Rock Glaciermentioning

confidence: 86%

Internal structure of two alpine rock glaciers investigated by quasi-3-D electrical resistivity imaging

Emmert

Kneisel

2017

The Cryosphere

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“…A snow layer of more than ∼ 80 cm thickness (depending on the roughness of the terrain and the inner structure of the snow cover) is able to thermally decouple the ground from the atmosphere (Goodrich, 1982;Ishikawa, 2003;Luetschg et al, 2008;Zhang, 2005). On the other hand, a thin discontinuous snow cover of less than ∼ 5-20 cm (again highly depending on the terrain roughness) may intensify ground cooling ("autumn snow effect") on a coarse-grained surface compared to snow-free conditions due to the increased albedo and the absence of the thermal insulation (Hoelzle et al, 1999;Keller and Gubler, 1993). For almost two decades, the relative influence of the timing of the onset and melt-out of the snow cover and the corresponding efficiency of ground cooling and ground warming on mean annual ground temperatures (MAGT) have been topics of discussion (Apaloo et al, 2012;Delaloye, 2004;Zhang, 2005).…”

Section: B Staub Et Al: a Comparison Of Field Observations And Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Ground temperature variations in a talus slope influenced by permafrost: a comparison of field observations and model simulations

et al. 2015

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Abstract.Variations in surface and near-surface ground temperatures (GST) dominate the evolution of the ground thermal regime over time and represent the upper boundary condition for the subsurface. Focusing on the Lapires talus slope in the south-western part of the Swiss Alps, which partly contains massive ground ice, and using a joint observational and modelling approach, this study compares and combines observed and simulated GST in the proximity of a borehole. The aim was to determine the applicability of the physically based subsurface model COUP to accurately reproduce spatially heterogeneous GST data and to enhance its reliability for long-term simulations. The reconstruction of GST variations revealed very promising results, even though twodimensional processes like the convection within the coarse-blocky sediments close to the surface or ascending air circulation throughout the landform ("chimney effect") are not included in the model. For most simulations, the model bias revealed a distinct seasonal pattern mainly related to the simulation of the snow cover. The study shows that, by means of a detailed comparison of GST simulations with ground truth data, the calibration of the upper boundary conditions -which are crucial for modelling the subsurface -could be enhanced.

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“…El registro de datos térmicos del glaciar rocoso del Corral del Veleta se inició en 1999 a partir de sensores de alimentación autónoma y registro continuo (data logger) tipo TINYTALK II (rango -35 a +70ºC, precisión ±0,35ºC) (Ramos et al, 1998, siendo sustituidos en 2002 por otros de tipo UTL-1 (rango -30 a +40ºC, precisión ±0,1ºC) (Hoelzle et al, 1999). Los niveles del suelo muestreados fueron inicialmente -2, -15, -40, -90 y -190 cm, pasando luego (agosto 2005) a -5, -20, -50, -100 y -150 cm, ajustándolos, de esta forma, al protocolo establecido en otros enclaves de Sierra Nevada y Pirineo Oriental.…”

Section: Método De Estudio E Instrumentación Utilizadaunclassified

“…En la segunda mitad del siglo XX, gracias al avance tecnológico en instrumentación de recogida de datos con aparatos autónomos, los estudios se trasladaron también a los Alpes suizos (Haeberli, 1973;King, 1990;Hoelzle et al, 1999;Delaloye, 2004), regiones nórdicas europeas y siberianas y a la Antártida, en este último caso al amparo de los programas de investigación internacionales sobre este continente helado (Ramos y Vieira 2004). Recientemente, también ha venido preocupando el comportamiento térmico del suelo en las montañas tropicales, en particular en los estratovolcanes mexicanos y peruanos que aún mantienen glaciares y permafrost (Andrés de Pablo et al, 2010a, 2010bPalacios et al, 2009), así como en los Andes de Mendoza (Carrera Gómez et al, 2008) Por lo que respecta a las montañas de la Península Ibérica y desde la perspectiva geomorfológica, las primeras publicaciones podrían corresponder a finales de 1980 (Ramos et al,1998).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterización térmica de la capa activa de un glaciar rocoso en medio periglaciar de alta montaña mediterránea : El ejemplo del Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada, España)

Franch

Ortíz

Catarineu

et al. 2013

CIG

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RESUMEN. Se analizan los datos de la temperatura del interior del suelo (capa activa) del periodo 1998-99/2008-09 de un glaciar rocoso incipiente en el Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada) con masas heladas en su interior en proceso de degradación. El control térmico alcanza los 150 cm y corresponde a los niveles de -5, -20, -50, -100 y -150 1998-1999/2008-2009, in an incipient rock glacier in Corral del Veleta cirque (Sierra Nevada) with presence of frozen masses in degradation process inside of it, is submitted. Thermal control covers 150 cm and data is collected at -5, -20, -50, -100 and -150

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Miniature temperature dataloggers for mapping and monitoring of permafrost in high mountain areas: first experience from the Swiss Alps

Cited by 125 publications

References 25 publications

Internal structure of two alpine rock glaciers investigated by quasi-3-D electrical resistivity imaging

Internal structure of two alpine rock glaciers investigated by quasi-3-D electrical resistivity imaging

Ground temperature variations in a talus slope influenced by permafrost: a comparison of field observations and model simulations

Caracterización térmica de la capa activa de un glaciar rocoso en medio periglaciar de alta montaña mediterránea : El ejemplo del Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada, España)

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