Miniature Soft Electromagnetic Actuators for Robotic Applications

Nho, Thanh; Phan, Hung; Nguyen, Thuc‐Quyen; Visell, Yon

doi:10.1002/adfm.201800244

Cited by 148 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…For the gripper type of their E/MA application they reported 0.0049% [16] (p. 8). If the ferromagnetic particles are printed on the soft materials as in Reference [15] (p. 278), it was reported that the power density could range between 22.3 kW/m 3 and 309.3 kW/m 3 , which is the highest reported for untethered soft actuators.…”

Section: Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it could be inferred from the current research that the most convenient scale for the functional robotic prototypes could be at the millimeter level [15,16,35]. In Reference [35], theoretical models for scaling is built and for the sheet-shaped robot, they report difficulty in creating robots that have h < 40 µ m and w < 0.3 mm.…”

Section: Scalability Of E/masmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compliance of E/MA type of structures are mainly dependent on the substrate material that is used as continuum media for ferro-magnetic particles [15] or as a substrate to cover stretchable coils [16]. To the best knowledge of the authors, there are no studies demonstrating the effect of Actuators 2018, 7, 48 4 of 21 ferro-magnetic particles or electromagnetic-coils on the overall compliance of the polymeric structure.…”

Section: Mechanical Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The example studies on E/MA function [15,16,35] does not openly discuss the optimal geometrical design of soft E/MA robotic structures. However, this is decided on use-case of the actuator.…”

Section: Optimal Geometry In E/mamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For E/MA type soft actuators, when an embedded stretchable coil is used in soft substrate, it is calculated in Reference [16], for current I = 1 A and resistance R c = 0.9 Ω, the main power consumption per single actuator in vibration mode was 0.9 W. The energy conversion rate between the supplied energy and the mechanical work was around 0.03%. For the gripper type of their E/MA application they reported 0.0049% [16] (p. 8).…”

Section: Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

An Overview of Novel Actuators for Soft Robotics

2018

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In this systematic survey, an overview of non-conventional actuators particularly used in soft-robotics is presented. The review is performed by using well-defined performance criteria with a direction to identify the exemplary and potential applications. In addition to this, initial guidelines to compare the performance and applicability of these novel actuators are provided. The meta-analysis is restricted to five main types of actuators: shape memory alloys (SMAs), fluidic elastomer actuators (FEAs), shape morphing polymers (SMPs), dielectric electro-activated polymers (DEAPs), and magnetic/electro-magnetic actuators (E/MAs). In exploring and comparing the capabilities of these actuators, the focus was on eight different aspects: compliance, topology-geometry, scalability-complexity, energy efficiency, operation range, modality, controllability, and technological readiness level (TRL). The overview presented here provides a state-of-the-art summary of the advancements and can help researchers to select the most convenient soft actuators using the comprehensive comparison of the suggested quantitative and qualitative criteria.

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Section: Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scalability Of E/masmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimal Geometry In E/mamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Novel Actuators for Soft Robotics

2018

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Graphene‐Based Actuator with Integrated‐Sensing Function

Chen

Weng

Zhou

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Flexible actuators have important applications in artificial muscles, robotics, optical devices, and so on. However, most of the conventional actuators have only actuation function, lacking in real‐time sensing signal feedbacks. Here, to break the limitation and add functionality in conventional actuators, a graphene‐based actuator with integrated‐sensing function is reported, which avoids the dependence on image post‐processing for actuation detection and realizes real‐time measurement of the shape‐deformation amplitudes of the actuator. The actuator is able to show a large bending actuation (curvature of 1.1 cm−1) based on a dual‐mode actuation mechanism when it is driven by near infrared light. Meanwhile, the relative resistance change of the actuator is −17.5%. The sensing function is attributed to piezoresistivity and thermoresistivity of the reduced graphene oxide and paper composite. This actuator can be used as a strain sensor to monitor human motions. A smart gripper based on the actuators demonstrates perfect integration of the actuating and sensing functions, which can not only grasp and release an object, but also sense every actuation state of the actuator. The developed integrated‐sensing actuator is hopeful to open new application fields in soft robotics, artificial muscles, flexible wearable devices, and other integrated‐multifunctional devices.

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Ultrafast Fabrication of Gradient Nanoporous All‐Polysaccharide Films as Strong, Superfast, and Multiresponsive Actuators

Cui

Pan

Fan

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

113

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The design of smart hydrogel actuators fully constructed from natural polymers for assessing the biomedical applications is important but challenging. Herein, an extremely simple, green, and ultrafast strategy is presented for preparing robust gradient all-polysaccharide polyelectrolyte complex hydrogel actuators. Driven by diffusing of low molecular weight chitosan into high molecular weight sodium alginate solution, a nanoporous, ultrastrong, and gradient chitosan/sodium alginate complex hydrogel film with adjustable thickness can be directly generated on the interface of two solutions within minutes. The as-prepared film can provide superfast temperature, ionic strength, and pH-triggered programmable deformations, and perform a distinct sequential double folding behavior due to the competitive effect between complexed and noncomplexed segments of polyelectrolyte. Besides, patterning Ca 2+ to locally crosslink sodium alginate in the film enables various more complex shape transformations. This green and simple diffusion-driven strategy provides significant guidance for fabricating bio-friendly actuators with applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, soft robotics, and active implants. drug delivery, [6] tissue engineering, [7] biomimetic actuators, [8] medical devices, [9] etc. [10] The 3D deformation of self-shaping hydrogel actuator stems from their preprogrammed heterogeneous structures, [11] which cause the in-plane and/or out-ofplane mismatches in volume change upon the trigger of external stimuli. [12] Despite the considerable progress that has been made recently in terms of the sophistication of the shapes and the diversity of the function for self-shaping hydrogels, [13] their applications in biomedicine and engineering remain challenging. The major limitations include the unsatisfactory biocompatibility and biodegradation of synthetic polymers involved in existing hydrogel actuators, as well as their poor mechanical properties and long characteristic response time. [14] Currently, there is a growing demand for developing a broadly applicable method toward designing the ultrastrong hydrogel actuators composed entirely of natural polymers to assess the practical applications.Natural polyelectrolytes are the ideal candidate materials for the hydrogel actuators. Besides inherently prominent advantages of renewability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability for nature polymers, [15] they possess the ability of changing their own conformations in response to external stimuli (e.g., pH and IS). [16] To integrate polyelectrolytes into macroscopic materials, layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly is the most commonly used fabrication method, which is carried out by sequential adsorption of oppositely charge polyelectrolytes onto various substrates. [17] However, the time-consuming LBL technique can only generate ultrathin films on a nanometer scale that cannot be used as freestanding material unless by chemical posttreatment, and thus is inapplicable for the fabricating of biocompatible hydrogel actuators. [...

show abstract

Miniature Soft Electromagnetic Actuators for Robotic Applications

Cited by 148 publications

References 67 publications

An Overview of Novel Actuators for Soft Robotics

An Overview of Novel Actuators for Soft Robotics

Graphene‐Based Actuator with Integrated‐Sensing Function

Ultrafast Fabrication of Gradient Nanoporous All‐Polysaccharide Films as Strong, Superfast, and Multiresponsive Actuators

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