Miniature microstrip branch line coupler with folded artificial transmission lines

Letavin, Denis A.

doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2018.11.016

Cited by 66 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In Idury et al, the H‐shaped ML has been applied to reduce the size and to suppress harmonics of a single‐section BLH. In Letavin, a two‐section BLH has been designed using folded artificial TLs. In Kumar, multiple π‐shaped, T‐shaped, and cross‐shaped MLs have been applied to implement a compact and wideband two‐section BLH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such case, design of BLHs to operate at another frequency becomes more difficult due to lack of direct synthesis approach. In References 12, 15, 17, 19, and 21, the three‐section BLHs are designed based on closed‐form formulas and direct synthesis approach, in which horizontal branch‐lines are replaced by their equivalent smaller units. The design of these BLHs become more flexible due to direct synthesis approach and exhibit improved performances in aspects of size miniaturization and wideband.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of these BLHs become more flexible due to direct synthesis approach and exhibit improved performances in aspects of size miniaturization and wideband. The techniques reported in References 12‐16, 18, and 20 are not suitable for harmonic suppression. BLHs still occupy relative large circuit‐area and further size reduction is possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The techniques reported in References 12‐16, 18, and 20 are not suitable for harmonic suppression. BLHs still occupy relative large circuit‐area and further size reduction is possible. Hence, our main effort is to achieve highly miniaturized three‐section BLH with second harmonic suppression based on new compact unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is observed that the miniaturized techniques presented in References are efficiently using the free space of the traditional BLH to achieve more size reduction. In order to obtain high miniaturization, total series length of the compact models should be as smaller as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly miniaturized wideband 3‐dB branch‐line hybrid with second harmonic‐suppression

Barik

Cheng

Pradhan

et al. 2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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In this article, a highly miniaturized second harmonic suppressed 3‐dB branch‐line hybrid (BLH) with wideband performance is developed by employing a novel transmission‐line architecture (TLA). The proposed architecture consists of a coupled‐line, a series microstrip‐line and two open‐ended stubs. The even‐odd mode technique is used to formulate the required design equations. In order to reduce the size of the BLH, the internal areas between the branches are properly utilized for accommodating the proposed TLA structures with parameter values calculated using the derived formulas. To demonstrate this technique, a wideband three‐section BLH operating at 0.9 GHz is designed and fabricated. The measurement results show the proposed technique reduces the total circuit‐area of the BLH by 90.24% compared to the traditional three‐section hybrid while maintaining a fractional bandwidth greater than 53%. In addition, the second harmonic is eliminated utilizing the spurious response produced by the open‐ended stubs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Highly miniaturized wideband 3‐dB branch‐line hybrid with second harmonic‐suppression

Barik

Cheng

Pradhan

et al. 2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Low‐cost multi‐criteria design optimization of compact microwave passives using constrained surrogates and dimensionality reduction

Koziel

Pietrenko‐Dabrowska

Al‐Hasan

2020

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Design of contemporary microwave circuits is a challenging task. Typically, it has to take into account several performance requirements and constraints.The design objectives are often conflicting and their simultaneous improvement may not be possible; instead, compromise solutions are to be sought. Representative examples are miniaturized microwave passives where reduction of the circuit size has a detrimental effect on its electrical characteristics. Acquiring information about the best possible design trade-offs is invaluable for the designer, yet it entails computationally expensive multi-objective optimization (MO). MO is typically conducted using population-based metaheuristic algorithms, the cost of which might be extremely high. If the circuit performance is evaluated using full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis, this cost is often prohibitive. A workaround is the employment of fast surrogate models, and a number of surrogate-assisted frameworks have been proposed in the literature. Unfortunately, a construction of reliable surrogates is hindered in higher dimensional parameter spaces. The recently proposed constrained modeling mitigates this issue to a certain extent by restricting the modeling process to the region containing the Pareto front to be found. This work proposes a novel surrogate-based MO technique that involves constrained modeling and explicit reduction of the surrogate domain dimensionality. The latter is achieved through the spectral analysis of the extreme Pareto-optimal design set obtained by local search routines. Our methodology is validated using a 15-parameter impedance-matching transformer with the Pareto set identified at the cost of a few hundred EM analyses of the circuit. The numerical experiments also demonstrate a significant reduction of the optimization cost as compared to the state-of-the-art surrogate-assisted MO methods.

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Accelerated multiobjective design of miniaturized microwave components by means of nested kriging surrogates

Pietrenko‐Dabrowska

Koziel

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Design of microwave components is an inherently multiobjective task. Often, the objectives are at least partially conflicting and the designer has to work out a suitable compromise. In practice, generating the best possible trade‐off designs requires multiobjective optimization, which is a computationally demanding task. If the structure of interest is evaluated through full‐wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis, the employment of widely used population‐based metaheuristics algorithms may become prohibitive in computational terms. This is a common situation for miniaturized components, where considerable cross‐coupling effects make traditional representations (eg, network equivalents) grossly inaccurate. This article presents a framework for accelerated EM‐driven multiobjective design of compact microwave devices. It adopts a recently reported nested kriging methodology to identify the parameter space region containing the Pareto front and to render a fast surrogate, subsequently used to find the first approximation of the Pareto set. The final trade‐off designs are produced in a separate, surrogate‐assisted refinement process. Our approach is demonstrated using a three‐section impedance matching transformer designed for the best matching and the minimum footprint area. The Pareto set is generated at the cost of only a few hundred of high‐fidelity EM simulations of the transformer circuit despite a large number of geometry parameters involved.

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Miniature microstrip branch line coupler with folded artificial transmission lines

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Highly miniaturized wideband 3‐dB branch‐line hybrid with second harmonic‐suppression

Highly miniaturized wideband 3‐dB branch‐line hybrid with second harmonic‐suppression

Low‐cost multi‐criteria design optimization of compact microwave passives using constrained surrogates and dimensionality reduction

Accelerated multiobjective design of miniaturized microwave components by means of nested kriging surrogates

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