Mini Review Immunological Consequences of Immunization With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Preliminary Results

Lombardi, Andrea; Bozzi, Giorgio; Ungaro, Riccardo; Villa, Simone; Castelli, Valeria; Mangioni, Davide; Muscatello, Antonio; Gori, Andrea; Bandera, Alessandra

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.657711

Cited by 61 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Of note, during the follow-up period in the present study, immunized subjects did not become re-infected, although in some cases, close un-vaccinated family members developed the infection. in a preliminary study published in March 2021 regarding neutralizing antibodies induced by the same vaccine has shown that neutralizing antibodies concentrations post-vaccination are superior from those observed among coVid-19 human convalescent serum (40). another limitation of the study is the low number of participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

COVID‑19 vaccination and IgG and IgA antibody dynamics in healthcare workers

et al. 2021

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Given the current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 and the development and implementation of mass vaccination, data are being obtained by analyzing vaccination campaigns. in the present study, 69 healthcare workers who were exposed to patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 were monitored for specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA levels at different time periods. Prior to vaccination, after the first round of vaccination at 21 days (when the second dose of vaccine was administrated) and 24 days after the second round of vaccination, with an mrna-based vaccine. The basal igG and iga levels in previously infected subjects and non-infected subjects notably differed. Vaccination increased the igG and iga levels after the first dose in most subjects from both groups, the levels of which further increased following the second round of vaccination. The associations between igG and iga levels following the first and second rounds of vaccination demonstrated that in the entire vaccination group, regardless of prior exposure to the infectious agent, the increment and levels of igG and iga were similar. Thus, the levels upon vaccination were statistically similar irrespective of the starting base line prior to vaccination. in the present study, seroconversion was achieved in all subjects following the second round of vaccination, with similar antibodies levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

COVID‑19 vaccination and IgG and IgA antibody dynamics in healthcare workers

et al. 2021

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“…All these vaccines are designed to elicit an immune response directed toward the S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 [ 2 ]. Both BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 in the first 100 days after vaccination were able to elicit specific antibodies titres and neutralizing antibodies concentrations above those observed among COVID-19 human convalescent serum [ 3 ]. Uncertainties remain regarding the impact of vaccination of previously infected individuals, with preliminary data showing higher antibody titres in those who were infected [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titres after vaccination with BNT162b2 in naïve and previously infected individuals

Lombardi¹,

Consonni²,

Oggioni³

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Great expectations are placed in vaccines against COVID-19 to control the pandemic. We reviewed the antibody titres in a cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs) vaccinated with BNT162b2 to assess the influence of a previous infection on them. We stratified the results according to the individual history of nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and symptoms. Among 3475 HCWs the highest titres were recorded among those infected more than 6 months before vaccination, independently of symptoms, followed by those infected less than 6 months before vaccination, especially in those with symptoms, and by uninfected HCWs. Vaccination with BNT162b2 can boost immunity acquired through infection, particularly in those infected more than 6 months before vaccination.

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“…Vaccine development was initiated in early January 2020 and has progressed at an unprecedented speed, resulting in licensing few highly effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on the market. The mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) were recently licensed and approved for vaccination against COVID-19 [18]. Recombinant vectored vaccines, ChAdOxnCoV-19 developed by AstraZeneca/University of Oxford and Sputnik V developed in Russia, were approved for human vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice

et al. 2021

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be expanding the pandemic disease across the globe. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were rapidly developed and approved for emergency use of vaccination in humans, supply and production difficulties are slowing down the global vaccination program. The efficacy of many different versions of vaccine candidates and adjuvant effects remain unknown, particularly in the elderly. In this study, we compared the immunogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike (S) ectodomain in young adult and aged mice, S1 with receptor binding domain, and S2 with fusion domain. Full-length S was more immunogenic and effective in inducing IgG antibodies after low dose vaccination, compared to the S1 subunit. Old-aged mice induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies with neutralizing activity after high dose S vaccination. With an increased vaccine dose, S1 was highly effective in inducing neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, although both S1 and S2 subunit domain vaccines were similarly immunogenic. Adjuvant effects were significant for effective induction of IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, neutralizing and receptor-binding inhibiting antibodies, and antibody-secreting B cell and interferon-γ secreting T cell immune responses. Results of this study provide information in designing SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccine antigens and effective vaccination in the elderly.

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Mini Review Immunological Consequences of Immunization With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Preliminary Results

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

COVID‑19 vaccination and IgG and IgA antibody dynamics in healthcare workers

COVID‑19 vaccination and IgG and IgA antibody dynamics in healthcare workers

SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titres after vaccination with BNT162b2 in naïve and previously infected individuals

Immunogenicity and Neutralizing Activity Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Full-Length and Subunit Domain Proteins in Young Adult and Old-Aged Mice

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