Mini-review: A possible role for galanin in post-traumatic stress disorder

Ullrich, David; Gillavry, David William Mac

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135980

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Galanin is involved in several biological processes,16 20 including nociceptive sensory processing in the spinal cord. Galanin and neuropeptide Y are consistently upregulated on both gene and protein levels in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in rodents with a potential relation to pain after a severe nerve injury,21–23 a symptom which may also be present among individuals with HAVS 24 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to hand-held vibrating tools and biomarkers of nerve injury in plasma: a population-based, observational study

2023

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ObjectivesTo analyse potential biomarkers for vibration-induced nerve damage in a population-based, observational study.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingMalmö Diet Cancer Study (MDCS), Malmö, Sweden.ParticipantsIn a subcohort of 3898 individuals (recruited 1991–1996) from MDCS (baseline examination in 28 449 individuals; collection of fasting blood samples in a cardiovascular subcohort of MDCS of 5540 subjects), neuropathy-relevant plasma biomarkers were analysed during follow-up after filling out questionnaires, including a question whether work involved hand-held vibrating tools, graded as ‘not at all’, ‘some’ or ‘much’.Primary outcome measuresThe neuropathy-relevant plasma biomarkers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor 2, galanin, galectin-3, HSP27, ß-nerve growth factor, caspase-3, caspase-8, transforming growth factor-α and tumour necrosis factor were analysed. Data were analysed by conventional statistics (Kruskal-Wallis test; post hoc test Mann-Whitney U test; Bonferroni correction for multiple testing) and in a subanalysis for galanin using two linear regression models (unadjusted and adjusted).ResultsAmong participants, 3361 of 3898 (86%) reported no work with hand-held vibrating tools, 351 of 3898 (9%) reported some and 186 of 3898 (5%) much work. There were more men and smokers in vibration-exposed groups. Galanin levels were higher after much vibration exposure (arbitrary units 5.16±0.71) compared with no vibration exposure (5.01±0.76; p=0.015) with no other observed differences.ConclusionsHigher plasma levels of galanin, possibly related to magnitude, frequency, acceleration and duration, as well as to severity of symptoms of vibration exposure, may be found in individuals working with hand-held vibrating tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to hand-held vibrating tools and biomarkers of nerve injury in plasma: a population-based, observational study

2023

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“…Hypothalamic RFRP neurons coexpress galanin mRNA in mice (Table 2), which participates in the regulation of various homeostatic functions and is deeply involved in stress-related pathologies, including PTSD and depression [265,266].…”

Section: Rfrpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies

Kovács,

Szabó,

László

et al. 2024

Cells

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The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine–phenylalanine–amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide peptides have their own cognate receptors and are produced by different cell populations, although they all can also bind to neuropeptide FF receptors with different affinities. RFamide peptides function in the brain as neuropeptides regulating key aspects of homeostasis such as energy balance, reproduction, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, they are involved in the organization of the stress response including modulation of pain. Considering the interaction between stress and various parameters of homeostasis, the role of RFamide peptides may be critical in the development of stress-related neuropathologies. This review will therefore focus on the role of RFamide peptides as possible key hubs in stress and stress-related psychopathologies. The neurotransmitter coexpression profile of RFamide-producing cells is also discussed, highlighting its potential functional significance. The development of novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of stress-related disorders is an ongoing need. Thus, the importance of RFamide research is underlined by the emergence of peptidergic and G-protein coupled receptor-based therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Acute stress response on Atlantic salmon: a time-course study of the effects on plasma metabolites, mucus cortisol levels, and head kidney transcriptome profile

Madaro

Nilsson

Whatmore

et al. 2022

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) welfare and performance can be strongly influenced by stress episodes caused by handling during farming practices. To better understand the changes occurring after an acute stress response, we exposed a group of Atlantic salmon parr to an acute stressor, which involved netting and transferring fish to several new holding tanks. We describe a time-course response to stress by sampling parr in groups before (T0) and 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, 240, 300, and 330 min post-stress. A subgroup of fish was also subjected to the same stressor for a second time to assess their capacity to respond to the same challenge again within a short timeframe (ReStressed). Fish plasma was assessed for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and ions levels. Mucus cortisol levels were analyzed and compared with the plasma cortisol levels. At 5 selected time points (T0, 60, 90, 120, 240, and ReStressed), we compared the head kidney transcriptome profile of 10 fish per time point. The considerably delayed increase of ACTH in the plasma (60 min post-stress), and the earlier rise of cortisol levels (10 min post-stress), suggests that cortisol release could be triggered by more rapidly responding factors, such as the sympathetic system. This hypothesis may be supported by a high upregulation of several genes involved in synaptic triggering, observed both during the first and the second stress episodes. Furthermore, while the transcriptome profile showed few changes at 60 min post-stress, expression of genes in several immune-related pathways increased markedly with each successive time point, demonstrating the role of the immune system in fish coping capacity. Although many of the genes discussed in this paper are still poorly characterized, this study provides new insights regarding the mechanisms occurring during the stress response of salmon parr and may form the basis for a useful guideline on timing of sampling protocols.

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Mini-review: A possible role for galanin in post-traumatic stress disorder

Cited by 4 publications

References 86 publications

Exposure to hand-held vibrating tools and biomarkers of nerve injury in plasma: a population-based, observational study

Exposure to hand-held vibrating tools and biomarkers of nerve injury in plasma: a population-based, observational study

Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies

Acute stress response on Atlantic salmon: a time-course study of the effects on plasma metabolites, mucus cortisol levels, and head kidney transcriptome profile

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