Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

Arévalo-Rodríguez, Ingrid; Smailagic, Nadja; Roqué-Fíguls, Marta; Ciapponi, Agustín; Sanchez‐Perez, Erick; Giannakou, Antri; Pedraza, Olga Lucía; Cosp, Xavier Bonfill; Cullum, Sarah

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010783.pub3

Cited by 98 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…However, it is still unclear how to intercept the preclinical phase of disease, after the onset of neuropathological depositions. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of cognitive screening tests for MCI are controversial and seem to be inconsistent (e.g., MMSE [ 44 ]). Controversial results were found regarding the association between CSF biomarkers, PET amyloid [ 45 ] and clinical outcomes [ 46 ], such as memory impairment [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Fornari

Mori

Zoppi

et al. 2022

Neurology International

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New diagnostic methods have been developed for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with the primary purpose of intercepting the transition-phase (mild cognitive impairment, MCI) between normal aging and dementia. We aimed to explore whether the five-word test (FWT) and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) are predictive for the early diagnosis of MCI due to AD (AD-MCI). We computed ROC analyses to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of MMSE and FWT in predicting abnormal CSF (t-Tau, p-Tau181, Aβ1–42) and amyloid-PET biomarkers. AD-MCI patients showed lower MMSE and FWT scores (all p < 0.001) than non-AD-MCI. The best predictor of amyloid plaques’ presence at amyloid-PET imaging was the encoding sub-score of the FWT (AUC = 0.84). Both FWT and MMSE had low/moderate accuracy for the detection of pathological CSF Aβ42, t-Tau and p-Tau181 values, with higher accuracy for the t-Tau/Aβ1–42 ratio. In conclusion, the FWT, as a single-domain cognitive screening test, seems to be prompt and moderately accurate tool for the identification of an underlying AD neuropathological process in patients with MCI, supporting the importance of associating biomarkers evaluation in the work-up of patients with dementing neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Fornari

Mori

Zoppi

et al. 2022

Neurology International

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“…The model had PIM use as the dependent variable and included age, sex, baseline Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and year of investigation (2012 or 2017) as independent variables. MMSE scores between 0–30, and a score of 23 or below is generally considered to indicate cognitive impairment [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications among old people with major neurocognitive disorder in 2012 and 2017

2022

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Background The increased risk of adverse drug reactions due to age-related altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is a challenge when prescribing medications to older people, and especially among older people with major neurocognitive disorder who are particularly sensitive to drug effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of potential inappropriate medications (PIMs) in 2012 and 2017 among old people with major neurocognitive disorder. A secondary aim was to investigate factors associated with PIM use. Methods This register-study was based on the Swedish registry for cognitive/dementia disorders and the Swedish prescribed drug register. Criteria from the National Board of Health and Welfare were used to identify PIMs between 1 July–31 December 2012 and 1 July-–31 December 2017 among people ≥ 65 years. Drug use was defined as one or more filled prescriptions during each timeframe. Results The total use of PIMs declined significantly between 2012 (28.7%) and 2017 (21.7%). All PIMs and PIM groups declined between these years, except for antipsychotic drugs, which increased from 11.6% to 12.3%. The results from the multiple regression model found that PIM use was associated with younger age (OR: 0.97 CI: 0.96–0.97), a lower Mini Mental State Examination score (OR: 0.99 CI: 0.99–1.00), the use of multi-dispensed drugs (OR: 2.05 CI: 1.93–2.18), and compared to Alzheimer’s disease, with the subtypes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia (OR: 1.57 CI: 1.40–1.75), frontotemporal dementia (OR: 1.29 CI: 1.08–1.54) and vascular dementia (OR: 1.10 CI: 1.03–1.16). Conclusions Overall, the use of PIMs decreased between the years 2012 and 2017. The increase of antipsychotic drugs and the association between PIM use and multi-dispensed drugs warrant concern.

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“…Ophthalmologists conducted an interview containing about 300 questions ( Zung, 1965 ; Folstein et al, 1975 ; Radloff, 1977 ; Fries et al, 1982 ; Crum et al, 1993 ; Klein et al, 2001 ; Aiello et al, 2011 ; Creavin et al, 2016 ; Bikbov et al, 2019b ; Arevalo-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ). Cognitive function was assessed applying Folstein’s Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with a maximal score of 30 points ( Folstein et al, 1975 ; Crum et al, 1993 ; Creavin et al, 2016 ; Arevalo-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment in the population-based ural very old study

Бикбов

Kazakbaeva

Iakupova

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundDespite its marked importance in public health, the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and its associated factors have only rarely been examined in old populations in general or in Russia at all.ObjectiveTo assess CI prevalence and its determinants in a very elderly population in Russia.Materials and methodsThe population-based Ural Very Old Study, conducted in rural and urban region in Bashkortostan/Russia, included 1,526 (81.1%) out of 1,882 eligible individuals aged 85+ years. A series of medical examinations including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the assessment of CI was performed.ResultsMini-Mental State Examination data were available for 1,442 (94.5%) individuals (mean age: 88.3 ± 2.9 years; range: 85–103 years). The median MMSE score was 24 (interquartile range: 19, 27). Prevalence of any CI (MMSE score < 24 points) was 701/1,442 [48.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 46.0, 51.2]. Prevalence of mild, moderate and severe CI (MMSE score 19–23 points, 10–18 points, and ≤9 points, respectively) was 357/1,442 (24.8%; 95% CI: 22.5, 27.0), 246/1,442 (17.1%; 95% CI: 15.1, 19.0), and 98/1,442 (6.8%; 95% CI: 5.5, 8.1), resp. A lower MMSE score correlated (regression coefficient r2: 0.31) with older age (beta: −0.13; P < 0.001), rural region of habitation (beta: 0.15; P < 0.001), lower level of education (beta: 0.19; P < 0.001), higher depression score (beta: −0.33; P < 0.001) (or alternatively, higher prevalence of hearing loss (beta: −0.10; P = 0.001), worse visual acuity (beta: −0.10; P = 0.001), and lower physical activity (beta: 0.06; P = 0.04).ConclusionIn this elderly study population from rural and urban Russia, prevalence of any, mild, moderate and severe CI was 48.6, 24.8, 17.1, and 6.8%, resp. Besides medical and lifestyle factors, vision and hearing impairment were major factors associated with CI.

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Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

Abstract: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Cited by 98 publications

References 129 publications

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications among old people with major neurocognitive disorder in 2012 and 2017

Cognitive impairment in the population-based ural very old study

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