Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health

Abstract

The role of minerals in female fertility, particularly in relation to the menstrual cycle, presents a complex area of study that underscores the interplay between nutrition and reproductive health. This narrative review aims to elucidate the impacts of minerals on key aspects of the reproductive system: hormonal regulation, ovarian function and ovulation, endometrial health, and oxidative stress. Despite the attention given to specific micronutrients in relation to reproductive disorders, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review focusing on the impact of minerals throughout the menstrual cycle on female fertility. This narrative review aims to address this gap by examining the influence of minerals on reproductive health. Each mineral’s contribution is explored in detail to provide a clearer picture of its importance in supporting female fertility. This comprehensive analysis not only enhances our knowledge of reproductive health but also offers clinicians valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies and the recommended intake of minerals to promote female reproductive well-being, considering the menstrual cycle. This review stands as the first to offer such a detailed examination of minerals in the context of the menstrual cycle, aiming to elevate the understanding of their critical role in female fertility and reproductive health.

Application of amphiregulin in IVM culture of immature human oocytes and pre-insemination culture for COCs in IVF cycles

“…EGF-like growth factors are paracrine mediators that transmit LH signals throughout the follicles ( 18 ). The appearance of the LH peak plays a key role in promoting ovulation, triggering a series of events during follicular development, including the recovery of oocyte meiosis, cumulus expansion, and rupture of the follicle wall; it also plays a role in the extrusion of COCs ( 19 ). The surge in LH levels synergistically promotes the activation of cGMP phosphodiesterase PDE5 in granulosa cells, leading to a decrease in cGMP supply to oocytes ( 10 ).…”