Mineralogy of pyrometamorphic rocks associated with naturally burned coal-bearing spoil-heaps of the Chelyabinsk coal basin, Russia

Sokol, Ella V.; Волкова, Н. И.; Lepezin, G. G.

doi:10.1127/ejm/10/5/1003

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…During the spontaneous burning of coal spoil heaps/coal seams and coke making, the temperatures could go up to 1,200°C. Under these conditions mullite, cordierite, and spinel form along with a number of other rare minerals (45,46). The temperature during coal burning in power plants could reach 1,500°C and fly ash containing glass spherules with magnetite has been reported (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and provenance of spherules and magnetic grains at the Younger Dryas boundary

Sharma

LeCompte

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance This study ties the spherules recovered in Pennsylvania and New Jersey to an impact in Quebec about 12,900 y ago at the onset of Younger Dryas. Our discovery resulted from an exhaustive search that examined the question of whether there is any evidence of extraterrestrial platinum group metals present in the bulk sediments, magnetic grains, and spherules recovered from the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB). We find that the spherules are likely quenched silicate melts produced following the impact at the YDB. The source of spherule osmium, however, is likely terrestrial and not meteorite derived.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and provenance of spherules and magnetic grains at the Younger Dryas boundary

Sharma

LeCompte

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The facts that no traces of precursor phases were found near the spinels and that their crystals have compositions close to the ideal METALLURGICAL spinel stoichiometry-MgAl 2 O 4 , support this suggestion. [9] If this is the case, then the temperature in this area should have been about 2100 K, as was reported for spinel from chondritic meteorites [10,11] originated from solar nebula (a gaseous cloud parental to the solar system). Also, the formation of Al-rich spinel ".…”

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“…[7,8,9] These unique systems have generated 209 mineral species (including spinel), and it has been suggested that the gas phase may play an important role in the formation of minerals in them. [7,8,9] The authors of the article [9] mentioned a temperature range of 1200 °C to 1500 °C in the coal heaps, so that such conditions would be available in a tuyere zone. They also pointed out that "gas transport synthesis was achieved" and concluded "that a decisive control on the process of Ca, Mg and Fe separation and formation of their minerals is exerted by the types of complex metal compounds containing S, C, and H that are responsible for gas transport."…”

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“…They also pointed out that "gas transport synthesis was achieved" and concluded "that a decisive control on the process of Ca, Mg and Fe separation and formation of their minerals is exerted by the types of complex metal compounds containing S, C, and H that are responsible for gas transport." [9] The reaction for the formation of spinel from a gas phase can be found in [10] …”

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Spinel crystals in tuyere coke

Gornostayev

Härkki

2005

Metall Mater Trans B

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A number of dodecahedral and octahedral spinel crystals were found in tuyere coke. The possibility of spinel formation from a gas phase in the tuyere coke can be considered for dodecahedral crystals. The octahedral spinels may have been formed by annealing of precursor mineral aggregates followed by crystallization of new phases. Investigations into spinel crystals can be important for further interpretations of the conditions of origin and subsequent behavior of mineral matter during coke degradation.The amount and nature of the mineral phases in metallurgical coke can be regarded as important factors affecting its properties and behavior in the blast furnace (BF). [1,2] Data on the mineral phases in BF coke are still scarce, however, [2][3][4][5] and their behavior during coke degradation is still poorly understood. Under natural conditions, the composition, morphology, and textures preserve a record of the means by which the minerals were formed, and these data can be used to estimate the conditions of formation of their synthetic analogues, [6] including those originating in coking processes and during the evolution of coke in the BF.The changes that take place in the mineral phases of BF coke can be regarded as either structural or chemical. [2] The structural changes in particular include [2] expansion of metaclays and the swelling and balling-up of aluminosilicates, while the chemical changes are more complex and include (but are not limited to) mineral phase decomposition, alkalization, and the formation of new crystalline and glass phases. Various gases circulating in the BF change the composition of the existing mineral phases and cause the formation of new phases acting as agents for the transport of components through pores.The synthetic equivalents of minerals that have so far been found in tuyere coke but are not observed in primary coke are gupeiite, Fe 3 Si; xifengite, Fe 5 Si 3 ; schreibersite, Fe 3 P; barringerite, Fe 2 P; oldhamite (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn)S; Al 2 O 3 (corundum crystals); spinel, MgAl 2 O 4 ; and fersilicite, FeSi.We describe here a case study of spinel crystals, which represents the first report on the occurrence and crystalline features of this mineral in tuyere coke.A number of coke samples were selected from drill core 130,303,203, obtained using a mobile tuyere rig from the tuyere zone of the BF at Rautaruukki Steel Works (Raahe, Finland). The samples were cut into pieces about 20-mm long, 20-mm wide, and 5-mm thick, preserving one original surface. The cut pieces were fixed to 28 ϫ 48 ϫ 1-mm glass plates and studied with a JEOL* JSM-6400 scanning *JEOL is a trademark of Japan

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Anthropogenic and Biomass Pyrometamorphism

Grapes¹

2010

Pyrometamorphism

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Mineralogy of pyrometamorphic rocks associated with naturally burned coal-bearing spoil-heaps of the Chelyabinsk coal basin, Russia

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Origin and provenance of spherules and magnetic grains at the Younger Dryas boundary

Origin and provenance of spherules and magnetic grains at the Younger Dryas boundary

Spinel crystals in tuyere coke

Anthropogenic and Biomass Pyrometamorphism

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