Mineralogy, geochemistry, and fluid action process of uranium deposits in the Zhiluo Formation, Ordos Basin, China

Zhu, Qing; Yu, Rengan; Feng, Xia‐Ting; Li, Jianguo; Sima, Xianzhang; Tang, Chao Hsiun; Xu, Zenglian; Liu, Xiaoxue; Si, Qinghong; Li, Guangyao; Wen, Sibo

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.102984

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Meanwhile, dissolved Si and coffinite mainly coprecipitated within the stronger reductive and acidic geochemical zone due to the complete consumption of trace oxygen and unloading of the carbonate later by the internal acidic reduced fluid, which most likely corresponded to the coaccumulation of phosphorus by SRB on organic matter in the nose of the roll. Therefore, it also shows that the broad redox metallogenic belt was of a gradually changing, comprehensive geochemical barrier, where uranium mineralization occurred at the transition interface between meteoric oxidizing alkaline fluid and internal reducing acidic fluid (Bonnetti et al, 2017; Lach et al, 2015; Zhu et al, 2019), accompanied by the generation of various acidic and alkaline alterations (e.g., feldspar and quartz dissolution, kaolinization, pyritization, and calcitization) in this region (Figures 4 and 5). For example, quartz in the ores was weakly dissolved along the edge locally, which was filled with many uraninites (Figure 5f,g), while considerable sparry calcite developed between various grains locally (Figures 5 and 9) due to the supersaturation of CO 3 2− in the tail of the roll front (Cun et al, 2016; X. Y. Yang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrite within the sedimentary strata display two genetic processes related to thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) and bacterial sulphate reduction (BSR) (Ingham et al, 2014; Reynolds & Goldhaber, 1978; Zhu et al, 2019). Previous studies demonstrated that the δ 34 S value of pyrite with hydrothermal genesis generally changes between 0 and 10‰, whereas that of microbiogenesis pyrite is commonly less than 0‰ due to the isotope fractionation of microbial activity, sometimes reaching −40‰ (Bonnetti et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the uranium ore bodies were superimposed and reconstructed (Figure 10d). In particular, a strong redox reaction occurred at the contact between the coal‐bearing coal seam of the Lower Jurassic Xishanyao Formation and the sand‐bodies of the Toutunhe Formation (Figure 3c), ultimately resulting in the deposition of tabular and lamellar uranium ore bodies (Feng et al, 2017; Zhu et al, 2019). However, because of the weak influence of the Himalayan movement during the late period (Chen et al, 2016), the rate of tectonic uplift was not faster than that of strata denudation and epigenetic oxidation by uranium‐bearing oxygenated groundwater (G. Wang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PerkinElmer Elan DCR‐e plasma mass spectrometer was used to determine the trace element content and rare earth elements (REEs) at room temperature (20°C) and relative humidity of 30%. The AB104L AxiosmAX X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer and electronic balance were integrated to measure the major element concentration for sandstone ore according to the GB/T14506.30‐2010 standard (i.e., chemical analysis of silicate rocks) at a temperature of 24°C and relative humidity of 48% (Zhu et al, 2019). The precision and accuracy were greater than 2% for the major elements and were often greater than 5% for the trace elements and REEs.…”

Section: Sampling and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Litho‐mineralogy, geochemistry, and chronology for the genesis of the Kamust sandstone‐hosted uranium deposit, Junggar Basin, NW China

et al. 2021

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The Kamust sandstone‐hosted uranium deposit was recently discovered within the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation of the eastern Junggar Basin. In this study, polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope observation, electron microprobe analysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement were carried out to define the petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of these sandstone‐hosted uranium ores. In addition, sulphur isotope signatures for the associated ore‐stage pyrites and the ore‐forming age were determined. The results show that the mineralized sandstones, which exhibit excellent reducibility with abundant organic matter and pyrites, are characterized by the secondary accumulation of uranium and are slightly enriched in rare earth elements (REE) and light REE (LREE). The uranium deposits are mainly composed of a large amount of uraninite, followed by some coffinites and uranium‐bearing titanium minerals and very few sorptive uranium‐bearing materials. Uranium minerals primarily exist within the interior and edge of clastic particles in colloidal, dispersed, and vein form, and some are closely interweaved with the colloidal and framboidal pyrites and carbonaceous detritus. Both uraninite and coffinite are strongly enriched in REE and LREE, as determined by in situ trace element measurements. Moreover, the δ34S values of the associated ore‐stage pyrites mostly range from −41.66 to −19.33‰, indicating biological origin, and light 32S demonstrates the relatively low‐temperature and open‐system mineralization processes related to the microbial anaerobic action on the organic matter. One of the δ34S values (6.88‰) is possibly caused by Rayleigh isotope fractionation due to the utilization of residual heavy 34S in the relatively later closed‐like mineralization system. The ore‐reforming ages of 27 ± 3.2 Ma, 22.4 ± 3.9 Ma, and 21.3 ± 2.3 Ma were obtained by U–Pb isotopic dating combined with U–Ra balance correction, corresponding to the rapid uplift event caused by the remote effect of the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates at the end of the Palaeogene. In conjunction with the tectonic–sedimentary evolution of the study region, a four‐stage ore‐forming model for the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation is preliminarily constructed: ① Development of ore‐bearing strata, ② initiation of the mineralization stage from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, ③ deep burial by lacustrine and flood mudstone from the Cretaceous to the Palaeogene, and ④ the superimposed ore‐forming stage during the Neogene. These research results provide significant benefits for further uranium prospecting and in situ leach process mining in this basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Litho‐mineralogy, geochemistry, and chronology for the genesis of the Kamust sandstone‐hosted uranium deposit, Junggar Basin, NW China

et al. 2021

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“…The primary uranium deposits in China are sandstonetype, granite type, and silicate type, of which 43% are sandstone-type. It is difficult to obtain cores in sandstone strata which is loose, fragile, poor, or has no cementation [8][9][10][11][12]. At present, there are many coring barrels for loose sandstone-type uranium deposits.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Insulation Layer Thickness of a Novel Ice Coring Device in Loose Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits

Huang

Peng

et al. 2021

Energies

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The target strata of sandstone-type uranium deposits are usually located in the fragile and loose strata, which makes it difficult to obtain core samples; consequently, a novel ice coring device for loose sandstone-type uranium deposits is proposed to solve this problem. Experiments proved that the artificial sample can replace the natural sample, and the coring method has high reliability. Ensuring the allegro formation of an ice valve with a given cold source is critical for this coring system, and reducing the loss of cold energy with help of insulation layer is one of the methods to speed up the formation of ice valve. Since the diameter of the drill tool is limited by its working scenario, the thickness of insulation layer is limited to ensure the size of core. Therefore, this paper conducted laboratory experiments of the insulation layer with different thicknesses to study the effect of the insulation layer on the formation of the sand–ice valve. Results show that the insulation layer can reduce the loss of cold energy during the freezing process and significantly affect the formation time of the sand–ice valve. When the thickness of the aerogel insulation layer is 2 mm, the freezing time is 44% shorter than that without insulation layer. According to the tests, the novel ice coring device is expected to solve the coring problem in loose sandstone-type uranium deposits.

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Chemical factors affecting the leaching rate of uranium in CO2 + O2 leaching within autoclave—an example from Nalinggou deposit in the Ordos Basin, North of China

Chen,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Mineralogy, geochemistry, and fluid action process of uranium deposits in the Zhiluo Formation, Ordos Basin, China

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Litho‐mineralogy, geochemistry, and chronology for the genesis of the Kamust sandstone‐hosted uranium deposit, Junggar Basin, NW China

Litho‐mineralogy, geochemistry, and chronology for the genesis of the Kamust sandstone‐hosted uranium deposit, Junggar Basin, NW China

Experimental Study on the Insulation Layer Thickness of a Novel Ice Coring Device in Loose Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits

Chemical factors affecting the leaching rate of uranium in CO2 + O2 leaching within autoclave—an example from Nalinggou deposit in the Ordos Basin, North of China

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