Mineralogy and titanite geochronology of the Caojiaba W deposit, Xiangzhong metallogenic province, southern China: implications for a distal reduced skarn W formation

Xie, Guiqing; Mao, Jingwen; Bagas, Leon; Fu, Bin; Zhang, Zhiyuan

doi:10.1007/s00126-018-0816-2

Cited by 62 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Cambrian to Ordovician shales are distributed around the dome in a ring belt, and Devonian to Carboniferous siltstone and mudstone are distributed along the east and west sides of the Longshan dome ( Figure 2). Late Triassic granitic dikes are developed around the eastern part of the dome (Figure 2), and the zircon U-Pb ages (220-217 Ma, [52]) are consistent with those of the Late Triassic granites formed in the XZMP [29]. The Longshan Sb-Au deposit (3.7 Mt @4.5 wt.…”

Section: Deposit Geologymentioning

confidence: 55%

“…These dates show that there was a widespread multi-commodity W-Sb-Au mineralizing event in the XZMP ca. 210 Ma, which was coeval with the Late Triassic granites (201-228 Ma) in the XZMP [29].…”

Section: Timing Of Sb-au Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In the XZMP, intrusive rocks are mostly observed to outcrop at the margins of the Shaoyang Basin and are dominated by Late Triassic granites and subordinate Devonian granitoids (Figure 1b, [33,[39][40][41][42]. Numerous zircon SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages demonstrate that extensive Late Triassic granites were emplaced between 228 and 201 Ma in the XZMP [29]. Magmatic rocks are lacking in most of the Sb-Au deposit areas, although small felsic dikes are observed in some deposits.…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scheelite lattice can accommodate limited Sr but rejects Rb [25,26], and the radiogenic 87 Sr from 87 Rb has a negligible effect on Sr isotope composition. So, the scheelite Sr isotopic system can be used to trace the source of ore-forming fluids [3,7,12,27] The Xiangzhong metallogenic province (XZMP), located at the eastern margin of the Yangtze Block, South China (Figure 1b), is one of the most important Sb-Au metallogenic domains in China [28,29]. Various interpretations have been proposed regarding the genesis of these deposits, including sedimentary exhalative processes based on the fact that chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the banded ores in Woxi W-Sb-Au deposit are similar with other SEDEX-type polymetallic ore deposits [30], orogenic-like processes since the characteristics of ore-forming fluids are in agreement with the definition of orogenic gold deposits [31], and intrusion-related deposit systems on account of sulfur and ore-forming fluids in these deposits were magmatic in origin [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sm-Nd Dating and In-Situ LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Analyses of Scheelite from the Longshan Sb-Au Deposit, Xiangzhong Metallogenic Province, South China

et al. 2019

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Longshan is an important Sb-Au ore deposit (3.7 Mt @4.5 wt. % Sb and 4.6 g/t Au) in the Xiangzhong metallogenic province (XZMP), South China. In the present work, trace element composition, Sm-Nd isotope dating, and Sr isotope of scheelite from the Longshan Sb-Au deposit are used to constrain the genesis of the deposit. Based on mineral assemblages and geological characteristics, two types of scheelites can be distinguished (Sch1 and Sch2). Sch1 is granular and cemented by stibnite, while Sch2 is commonly present in stibnite, pyrite, calcite, and quartz veins, indicating that Sch2 is later than Sch1. The Sm-Nd isochron age defined by Sch1 is 210 ± 2 Ma (MSWD = 1.0, n = 4). This age is interpreted as the age of Sb-Au mineralization and overlaps with the 201–228 Ma granitic rocks in the XZMP. Sch1 exhibits high ΣREE + Y contents (43.5 to 104 ppm), low Sr values (2687 to 6318 ppm, average of 4018 ppm), and a narrow range of 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7209 to 0.7210, average of 0.7209). In contrast, the elevated Sr abundance (4525 to 11,040 ppm, average of 6874 ppm) and wide 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7209 to 0.7228, average of 0.7214) in Sch2 were possibly caused by fluid-rock interaction mixing with Sr-enriched basement rocks. Sulfides have a narrow range of δ34S values of −1.8‰ to 3.2‰, with an average value of 1.1‰ (n = 7). Geochronological, geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the Longshan Sb-Au deposit is possible genetically related to the Late Triassic granitic intrusion in the XZMP.

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Section: Deposit Geologymentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Timing Of Sb-au Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sm-Nd Dating and In-Situ LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Analyses of Scheelite from the Longshan Sb-Au Deposit, Xiangzhong Metallogenic Province, South China

et al. 2019

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“…http://www.minsocam.org/ scheelite-wolframite-quartz deposit (Zhu and Peng 2015), and the Shaxi scheelite-wolframite-quartz deposit (Su et al 2016). Tungsten skarns include Caojiaba and Darongxi (Xie et al 2019b;Zhang et al 2020).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking dynamic hydrothermal processes: Textures, in-situ Sr-Nd isotopes, and trace-element analysis of scheelite from the Yangjiashan vein-type W deposit, South China

Xie

Cook

et al. 2021

American Mineralogist

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Texturally complex minerals can provide critical information on dynamic hydrothermal processes. This study combines cathodoluminescence (CL), laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and high-resolution femtosecond laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS) analyses, to document textures, in-situ Sr-Nd isotope systematics, and trace element compositions of texturally-complex scheelite from the Yangjiashan W deposit, South China. The major motivation for this contribution was to reveal the correlation between CL response, textures, and trace element concentrations; document the origin of various REE fractionation patterns; and to characterize grain scale in-situ variability of Sr-Nd isotopes of scheelite. Five sub-types of scheelite from both stages, including Sch1 and Sch2 from Stage 1, and Sch3 to Sch5 from Stage 2, are identified. CL images feature complex oscillatory, patchy, and evidence for coupled dissolution-reprecipitation reaction. These scheelites precipitated from reduced fluids and are close to endmember in composition, with Mo concentrations below 46 ppm. Concentrations of other elements vary: Sr (36-1,025 ppm); Nd (8-351 ppm); and Na (7-300 ppm). LA-ICP-MS element maps reveal a large variability in REE concentrations among oscillatory zones, and no consistent behavior between REE, Sr and Mo concentration, and CL intensity. Four distinct chondrite-normalized REE fractionation patterns are recognized: LREE-enriched, MREE-enriched, HREE-enriched, and flat patterns. Complex Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.2 to 20.7) are recognized among the five sub-types and are commonly observed within individual grains. Fluid compositions, different substitution mechanisms (i.e., Ca 2+ + W 6+ = REE 3+ + Nb 5+ , and 2Ca 2+ = REE 3+ + Na + , 3Ca 2+ = 2REE 3+Ca -site vacancy), primary-secondary processes (i.e., This is the peer-reviewed, final accepted version for American Mineralogist, published by the Mineralogical Society of America. The published version is subject to change. Cite as Authors (Year) Title. American Mineralogist, in press.

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Trace elements and in situ sulfur isotopes of pyrite from the Baiyunpu Au deposit in central Hunan, South China: Implications for gold mineralization

Gao

Shen

et al. 2022

Geological Journal

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The Central Hunan metallogenic province, located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze Block, South China, is one of the most important Sb–Au metallogenic belts in China. The Baiyunpu gold deposit is one of the important Carlin‐type gold deposits occurring in Devonian sedimentary strata in Central Hunan. Optical microscopy and in situ laser ablation (multi‐collector) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐[MC]‐ICP‐MS) are used to determine the texture, trace element compositions and sulfur isotope for pyrites from the pre‐ore and syn‐ore stages to constrain the sources of reduced sulfur and metals and the mechanism of gold precipitation. Four generations of pyrite were identified by petrography and pyrite compositions. Pre‐ore Py1 is characterized by relatively low concentrations of As, Au, Sb and Cu and high concentrations of Co, Ni, Bi and Pb. Py1 has positive δ34S values of 6.5–10.1‰, which we ascribe to a bacterial reduction of marine sulfate in closed marine systems, or from weak Rayleigh fractionation by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) or thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) during sedimentary‐diagenetic processes. Pre‐ore Py2 presents as rims of Py1 and contains relatively high As (69,530 ppm), Sb (123.2 ppm) and low Au (4.89 ppm). Compared with Py2, Py3 has relatively high Au (194.4 ppm) and Cu (24.6 ppm) and low As (40,801 ppm). We interpret that Py2 and Py3 could have precipitated from an Au‐free but As‐rich early hydrothermal fluids or from low‐Au and As‐rich fluids at the beginning of the ore stage. The δ34S values of Py2 and Py3 in the Baiyunpu deposit are concentrated in a narrow range of −1.2 to 1.2‰, suggesting the involvement of magmatic sulfur. Syn‐ore pyrites (Opy) are enriched in Au (517.8 ppm), As (39,719 ppm), Cu (261.9 ppm) and Sb (171.4 ppm). Irregular boundaries between Py1 and Opy suggest that the replacement may have been important for the formation of pyrites at the syn‐ore stage. The variation of As concentration in Opy1, Opy2 and Opy3 appear to have recorded fluctuations in the chemical composition of ore fluids. The δ34S values of Opy (0.1–5.9‰) are slightly higher than Py2 and Py3 due to mixing with sedimentary components with elevated δ34S values in late‐stage hydrothermal fluids. Profile analyses for Baiyunpu auriferous pyrite grains suggest that Au was positively correlated with Cu, but not with As. The correlation between Au, Cu and As in Opy may be dominated by their concentrations of ambient evolving fluids.

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Mineralogy and titanite geochronology of the Caojiaba W deposit, Xiangzhong metallogenic province, southern China: implications for a distal reduced skarn W formation

Cited by 62 publications

References 36 publications

Sm-Nd Dating and In-Situ LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Analyses of Scheelite from the Longshan Sb-Au Deposit, Xiangzhong Metallogenic Province, South China

Sm-Nd Dating and In-Situ LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Analyses of Scheelite from the Longshan Sb-Au Deposit, Xiangzhong Metallogenic Province, South China

Tracking dynamic hydrothermal processes: Textures, in-situ Sr-Nd isotopes, and trace-element analysis of scheelite from the Yangjiashan vein-type W deposit, South China

Trace elements and in situ sulfur isotopes of pyrite from the Baiyunpu Au deposit in central Hunan, South China: Implications for gold mineralization

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