Mineralogical and physico-chemical properties of the Cretaceous shales of the Calabar Flank, south-eastern, Nigeria: Implication for paleo-weathering conditions, provenance and industrial applications

Adamu, Christopher Iorfa; Oyetade, Oluwaseye Peter; Ekwere, Azubuike S.; Kudamnya, Ebenezer A.; Adebayo, Kehinde I.; Uyok, Idara A.; Nganje, T. N.

doi:10.1016/j.sesci.2021.10.001

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…In surface water analyzed, Ca 2+ showed a very strong positive correlation with Mg 2+ (+ 0.98), Na + (+ 0.96), and Cl − (+ 0.96) contrary to studies by Adamu et al ( 2022 ) within the shales of the Calabar Flank; strong correlation with HCO 3 − (+ 0.74) and NO 3 − (+ 0.73); and positive moderate correlation with K + (+ 0.54). Mg 2+ showed a positive strong correlation with Ca 2+ (+ 0.73) in groundwater, indicating ion exchange processes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Hydrochemistry and an appraisal of surface water and groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation use in parts of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria

OCHELEBE

Kudamnya

2022

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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This research attempts to assess the hydrochemistry of major ions, the quality of surface and subsurface water, as well as its suitability for domestic and agricultural uses, in parts of the Southern Benue Trough. A total of thirty water samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory using standard practices. Results revealed that the concentration of major cations for both surface and groundwater is in the order: Na + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > K + , while major anionic constituents are, respectively, present in the order: Cl − > HCO 3 − > CO 3 2− > NO 3 − > SO 4 2− and HCO 3 − > CI − > CO 3 2− > NO 3 − > SO 4 2− for surface and groundwater. The water quality index (WQI) model revealed that 100% of the surface water is of good quality for domestic and other uses, while 29.17% and 70.83% of the groundwater are of excellent and good quality, respectively. Three water types were identified, namely Na–Cl, Ca–Mg–HCO 3 , and Na–HCO 3 . Lastly agricultural indices (total hardness, TH, percent sodium, %Na, sodium absorption ratio, SAR, residual sodium carbonate, RSC, permeability index, PI and magnesium hazard, MH) computed along with various plots, revealed that the analyzed surface and subsurface water are suitable for irrigation purposes. The application of plots, tables, and models based on the major ionic constituents, gives fast and effective visualization of the quality and chemistry of surface water and groundwater.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%