Mineralogical and geochemical study of apatite and dolomite from the Bayan Obo giant Fe-REE-Nb deposit in Inner Mongolia: New evidences for genesis

Ren, Yisu; Yang, Xiaoyong; Wang, Shuangshuang; Öztürk, Hüseyin

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.04.020

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Song et al [27] found that in situ Th-Pb ages for monazite from the deposit range from 361Ma to 913 Ma and interpreted these ages as results of subsequent thermal perturbations. In addition, in situ analysis of other minerals indicate that the deposit underwent significant modification events after its formation, as evidenced by the addition of radiogenic Sr and Pb in dolomite and apatite [26,27] and abrupt changes in apatite compositions [44,54]. In this study, the presence of the Type 3 apatite in the dyke directly proves the occurrence of such a distinct hydrothermal activity in the Bayan Obo area.…”

Section: Implication For the Formation Of The Bayan Obo Depositsupporting

confidence: 53%

Post-Magmatic Fluids Dominate the Mineralization of Dolomite Carbonatitic Dykes Next to the Giant Bayan Obo REE Deposit, Northern China

Chuan

et al. 2020

Minerals

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The Bayan Obo rare earth element (REE) deposit in Inner Mongolia, northern China, is the largest REE deposit in the world, whose mineralization process remains controversial. There are dozens of carbonatite dykes that are tightly related to the deposit. Here we report the petrological and mineralogical characteristics of a typical dolomite carbonatite dyke near the deposit. The dolomite within the dyke experienced intense post-emplacement fluids metasomatism as evidenced by the widespread hydrothermal REE-bearing minerals occurring along the carbonate mineral grains. REE contents of bulk rocks and constituent dolomite minerals (>90 vol.%) are 1407–4184 ppm and 63–152 ppm, respectively, indicating that dolomite is not the dominant mineral controlling the REE budgets of the dyke. There are three types of apatite in the dyke: Type 1 apatite is the primary apatite and contains REE2O3 at 2.35–4.20 wt.% and SrO at 1.75–2.19 wt.%; Type 2 and Type 3 apatites are the products of replacement of primary apatite. The REE2O3 (6.10–8.21 wt.%) and SrO (2.83–3.63 wt.%) contents of Type 2 apatite are significantly elevated for overprinting of REE and Sr-rich fluids derived from the carbonatite. Conversely, Type 3 apatite has decreased REE2O3 (1.17–2.35 wt.%) and SrO (1.51–1.99 wt.%) contents, resulting from infiltration of fluids with low REE and Na concentrations. Our results on the dyke suggest that post-magmatic fluids expelled from the carbonatitic melts dominated the REE mineralization of the Bayan Obo deposit, and a significant fluid disturbance occurred but probably provided no extra REEs to the deposit.

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Section: Implication For the Formation Of The Bayan Obo Depositsupporting

confidence: 53%

Post-Magmatic Fluids Dominate the Mineralization of Dolomite Carbonatitic Dykes Next to the Giant Bayan Obo REE Deposit, Northern China

Chuan

et al. 2020

Minerals

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“…Triassic. The altered apatite grains from the Miaoya and Shaxiongdong complexes show typical replacement textures under BSE imaging, which are similar to apatites resulting from fluid metasomatism widely reported in carbonatite and hydrothermal ore systems (e. g., IOCG and IOA deposit;Smith et al 1999;Stosch et al 2011; Li and Zhou, 2015;Broom-Fendley et al 2016, 2017Zeng et al 2016;Ren et al 2019). The altered apatite domains commonly contain monazite-(Ce) inclusions or are surrounded by fined-grained monazite-(Ce)…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

Fingerprinting REE mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization history of the carbonatite-alkaline complexes, Central China: Constraints from in situ elemental and isotopic analyses of phosphate minerals

Zhao

et al. 2021

American Mineralogist

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Carbonatites and related alkaline rocks host most REE resources. Phosphate minerals, e.g., apatite and monazite, commonly occur as the main REE-host in carbonatites and have been used for tracing magmatic and mineralization processes. Many carbonatite intrusions undergo metamorphic and/or metasomatic modification after emplacement; however, the effects of such secondary events are controversial. In this study, the Miaoya and Shaxiongdong carbonatite-alkaline complexes, in the South Qinling Belt of Central China, are selected to unravel their magmatic and hydrothermal remobilization histories. Both the complexes are accompanied by Nb-REE mineralization and contain apatite and monazite-(Ce) as the major REE carriers. Apatite grains from the two complexes commonly show typical replacement textures related to fluid metasomatism, due to coupled dissolution-reprecipitation. The altered apatite domains, which contain abundant monazite-(Ce) inclusions or are locally surrounded by fine-grained monazite-(Ce), have average REE concentrations lower than primary apatite. These monazite-(Ce) inclusions and fine-grained monazite-(Ce) grains are proposed to have formed by the leaching REE from primary apatite grains during fluid metasomatism. A second type of monazite-(Ce), not spatially associated with apatite, shows porous textures and zoning under BSE imaging. Spot analyses of these monazite-(Ce) grains have variable U-Th-Pb ages of 210-410 Ma and show a peak age of 230 Ma, which is significantly younger than the emplacement age (440-430 Ma) but are This is the peer-reviewed, final accepted version for American Mineralogist, published by the Mineralogical Society of America. The published version is subject to change. Cite as Authors (Year) Title. American Mineralogist, in press.

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“…Apatite trace element concentrations and element ratios have previously been used to identify their host rocks (Belousova et al 2002) 2000;Belousova et al 2001;Belousova et al 2002;Brassinnes et al 2005;Hsieh et al 2008;Tollari et al 2008;Chu et al 2009;Xu et al 2010;Bonyadi et al 2011;Tang et al 2012;Chen and Simonetti;Mao et al 2016;Pan et al 2016;Broom-Fendley et al 2017;Chakhmouradian et al 2017;Deng et al 2017;Doroshkevich et al 2017;Mukherjee et al 2017;Jiang et al 2018;Andersson et al 2019;Du et al 2019;Duan et al;Hu et al 2019;Palma et al 2019;Qu et al 2019;Ren et al 2019;Wang et al 2019;Yu et al 2019;Zafar et al 2019;Zhang et al 2019;Jia et al 2020;Mercer et al 2020;Zhang et al 2020;Broom-Fendley et al 2021;Lu et al 2021;Su et al 2021; this study. The database is available online in Electronic Appendix B.…”

Section: The Siilinjärvi Apatite In a Global Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bull Geol Soc Finland

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Mineralogical and geochemical study of apatite and dolomite from the Bayan Obo giant Fe-REE-Nb deposit in Inner Mongolia: New evidences for genesis

Cited by 22 publications

References 66 publications

Post-Magmatic Fluids Dominate the Mineralization of Dolomite Carbonatitic Dykes Next to the Giant Bayan Obo REE Deposit, Northern China

Post-Magmatic Fluids Dominate the Mineralization of Dolomite Carbonatitic Dykes Next to the Giant Bayan Obo REE Deposit, Northern China

Fingerprinting REE mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization history of the carbonatite-alkaline complexes, Central China: Constraints from in situ elemental and isotopic analyses of phosphate minerals

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