Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of listwaenite from the Semail Ophiolite, Oman

Nasir, Sobhi; Sayigh, Abdul Razak Al; Harthy, Abdulrahman Al; Al-Khirbash, Salah; Al-Jaaidi, Omar; Musllam, Abdullah; Al-Mishwat, Ali T.; Al-Bu'saidi, Salim

doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2005.01.003

Cited by 78 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Previous workers inferred that most veins far from present-day springs are 30-90 million years old, related to formation of oceanic crust, emplacement of the ophiolite, and Eocene extension (e.g., refs. 15,21,22,27). However, all of our samples have 14 C ages from 1,600 to 43,000 years, similar to the previously measured range of 840 to 36,000 years in the vicinity of a single, actively forming travertine in Oman (28).…”

Section: Rate Of Peridotite Carbonation In the Samail Ophiolite Omansupporting

confidence: 51%

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage

Kelemen

Matter

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

549

486

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The rate of natural carbonation of tectonically exposed mantle peridotite during weathering and low-temperature alteration can be enhanced to develop a significant sink for atmospheric CO 2. Natural carbonation of peridotite in the Samail ophiolite, an uplifted slice of oceanic crust and upper mantle in the Sultanate of Oman, is surprisingly rapid. Carbonate veins in mantle peridotite in Oman have an average 14 C age of Ϸ26,000 years, and are not 30 -95 million years old as previously believed. These data and reconnaissance mapping show that Ϸ10 4 to 10 5 tons per year of atmospheric CO 2 are converted to solid carbonate minerals via peridotite weathering in Oman. Peridotite carbonation can be accelerated via drilling, hydraulic fracture, input of purified CO 2 at elevated pressure, and, in particular, increased temperature at depth. After an initial heating step, CO 2 pumped at 25 or 30°C can be heated by exothermic carbonation reactions that sustain high temperature and rapid reaction rates at depth with little expenditure of energy. In situ carbonation of peridotite could consume >1 billion tons of CO 2 per year in Oman alone, affording a low-cost, safe, and permanent method to capture and store atmospheric CO 2.alteration and weathering ͉ carbon capture ͉ exothermic ͉ carbon sequestration ͉ mineral R ecognition that anthropogenic CO 2 input to the atmosphere has substantially increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration, and that increased CO 2 may drive rapid global warming, has focused attention on carbon capture and storage (1). One storage option is conversion of CO 2 gas to stable, solid carbonate minerals such as calcite (CaCO 3 ) and magnesite (MgCO 3 ) (2). Natural carbonation of peridotite by weathering and lowtemperature alteration is common. Enhanced natural processes in situ may provide an important, hitherto neglected alternative to ex situ mineral carbonation ''at the smokestack.'' In this article, we evaluate the rate of natural carbonation of mantle peridotite in the Samail ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman, and then show that under certain circumstances exothermic peridotite alteration (serpentinization, carbonation) can sustain high temperature and rapid reaction with carbonation up to 1 million times faster than natural rates, potentially consuming billions of tons of atmospheric CO 2 per year. In situ mineral carbonation for CO 2 storage should be evaluated as an alternative to ex situ methods, because it exploits the chemical potential energy inherent in tectonic exposure of mantle peridotite at the Earth's surface, does not require extensive transport and treatment of solid reactants, and requires less energy for maintaining optimal temperature and pressure.Tectonically exposed peridotite from the Earth's upper mantle, and its hydrous alteration product serpentinite, have been considered promising reactants for conversion of atmospheric CO 2 to solid carbonate (3). However, engineered techniques for ex situ mineral carbonation have many challenges. Kinetics is slow unless olivine and serpentine ...

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Section: Rate Of Peridotite Carbonation In the Samail Ophiolite Omansupporting

confidence: 51%

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage

Kelemen

Matter

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

549

486

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“…23.10a). This kind of serpentinisation, and its association with rodingite formation, was largely described in various contexts (Muraoka, 1985;Frost and Beard, 2007;Pomonis et al, 2008;Frost et al, 2009;Bach and Klein, 2009) and probably result of the interaction of harzburgite with seawater or groundwater (Barnes et al, 1978;Neal and Stanger, 1984;Stanger, 1985;Nasir et al, 2007;Pomonis et al, 2008). The second type of alteration concerns the harzburgites close to the diopsidite dykes.…”

Section: Alteration Processes In Harzburgitementioning

confidence: 97%

“…On the other hand, the mantle peridotites, even said "fresh" always present at least a low amount of serpentine replacing olivine (Monnier et al, 2006;Nasir et al, 2007), some areas may even be extremely altered with a totally serpentinised, or even lately silicified or carboned, mantle (Stanger, 1985;Combe et al, 2006;Nasir et al, 2007). This serpentinisation, silicification, carbonation events in the mantle section mostly occurred at late stage in the history of the ophiolite (Tertiary, see Stranger, 1985;Nasir et al, 2007), and present days alteration by ground water is still occurring, as shown by the numerous ultra-alkaline sources (Barnes et al, 1978;Neal and Stanger, 1984;Stanger, 1985).…”

Section: Geological Background and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diopsidites and Rodingites: Serpentinisation and Ca-Metasomatism in the Oman Ophiolite Mantle

Python

Yoshikawa

Shibata

et al. 2011

Dyke Swarms:Keys for Geodynamic Interpretation

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“…However, despite their Mg-rich nature, ultramafic rocks are often found in association with calcite rather than dolomite or magnesite. Many studies of natural analogues of carbon sequestration showed that the carbonation of the ultramafic precursor involved substantial removal of Mg and enrichment in Ca (Capedri and Rossi, 1973;Gibson et al, 1996;Akbulut et al, 2006;Tsikouras et al, 2006;Nasir et al, 2007;Beinlich et al, 2010). In oceanic settings, Ca may be derived from seawater, pelagic sediments or the breakdown of clinopyroxene during seafloor serpentinization (e.g., Barnes and O'Neil, 1969;Barbieri et al, 1979;Bernoulli and Weissert, 1985;Palandri and Reed, 2004;Frost and Beard, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental study of the carbonation of partially serpentinized and weathered peridotites

Hövelmann

Austrheim

Beinlich

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of listwaenite from the Semail Ophiolite, Oman

Cited by 78 publications

References 35 publications

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage

Diopsidites and Rodingites: Serpentinisation and Ca-Metasomatism in the Oman Ophiolite Mantle

Experimental study of the carbonation of partially serpentinized and weathered peridotites

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Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of listwaenite from the Semail Ophiolite, Oman

Cited by 78 publications

References 35 publications

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO2storage

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO2storage

Diopsidites and Rodingites: Serpentinisation and Ca-Metasomatism in the Oman Ophiolite Mantle

Experimental study of the carbonation of partially serpentinized and weathered peridotites

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In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage

In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO₂storage