Mineralogical and chemical characterization of suspended atmospheric particles over the east Mediterranean based on synoptic-scale circulation patterns

Kalderon-Asael, Boriana; Erel, Yigal; Sandler, Amir; Dayan, Uri

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.03.057

Cited by 109 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Compared to similar studies performed in MEA, the average outdoor values found in the present study are quite similar to those (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) reported by Krasnov et al (2015) during a dust period in Israel. Since Israel is also an area frequently impacted by dust storms, dust events can increase the daily levels of PM 10 in the center of city (Tel Aviv) to as high as 2100 µg m -3 (Ganor et al, 2009;Kalderon-Asael et al, 2009). Our average PM 2.5 concentration was lower compared to the corresponding value (283 µg m -3 ) measured in Chengdu, China, during a dust storm (Wang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Pm Mass Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

Chemical Characterization of Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter (PM2.5, PM10) in Doha, Qatar

Saraga

Maggos

Sadoun³

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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ABSTRACTΤhe extreme weather conditions in Middle East Area led to the construction of tightly sealed, air conditioned buildings, characterized by indoor air quality deterioration. This study presents the results of chemical characterization of outdoor and indoor PM 2.5 and PM 10 in Doha city, over a two-month period including normal days and dust events, aiming at identifying the factors affecting the indoor air of an office building. The WHO guideline values were exceeded in 100% of the outdoor measurements. 49% of the days of the sampling campaign were characterized as non-dusty (PM 10 < 200 µg m ). The contribution of both dust and anthropogenic emissions sources is depicted in particles' mass and chemical composition. The elevated -especially outdoor-levels of carbonate carbon indicate the presence of crustal matter originating from the surrounding crustal material. OC/EC values reveal possible combined contribution from secondary organic aerosol, trafficrelated sources and re-suspended dust. The influence of anthropogenic emissions is implied by the predominance of nitrate and sulfate ions, which constitute a substantial percentage of the particle mass. The crustal origin of particles is also depicted in metals. However, the higher enrichment factor values which may imply anthropogenic activities of both the outdoor and indoor environment were determined sequentially for Cd, Pb, As, Cu and Zn, suggesting the role of infiltration. Concluding, the indoor to outdoor relationship is significantly influenced by particles infiltration and penetration into the building mainly through the ventilation system and to a lesser extent, through windows or cracks in the building envelope. Although the low indoor to outdoor ratio underlies the predominance of outdoor levels compared to the indoor ones, there is positive correlation between indoor and outdoor PM, during the days that the building was open to the public and employees.

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Section: Pm Mass Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

Chemical Characterization of Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter (PM2.5, PM10) in Doha, Qatar

Saraga

Maggos

Sadoun³

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In the Middle East (Jerusalem, Israel), Kalderon-Asael et al (2009) found low concentrations of illite for all back trajectories (less than 3 % by number), and that the dust composition was usually dominated by montmorillonite, calcite, and gypsum. Ganor (1991) found large concentrations of illite (87 %) in Israel when the dust originated from the Libyan, Ahaggar-Massif, or Chad deserts in Africa, but did not find significant concentrations of illite in Israel when the dust storms originated in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Mineralogy Of Dust In the Dust Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of CALIPSO aerosol optical depth retrievals to AERONET measurements, and a climatology for the lidar ratio of dust

et al. 2012

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Abstract. We compared CALIPSO column aerosol optical depths at 0.532 µm to measurements at 147 AERONET sites, synchronized to within 30 min of satellite overpass times during a 3-yr period. We found 677 suitable overpasses, and a CALIPSO bias of −13 % relative to AERONET for the entire data set; the corresponding absolute bias is −0.029, and the standard deviation of the mean (SDOM) is 0.014. Consequently, the null hypothesis is rejected at the 97 % confidence level, indicating a statistically significant difference between the datasets. However, if we omit CALIPSO columns that contain dust from our analysis, the relative and absolute biases are reduced to −3 % and −0.005 with a standard error of 0.016 for 449 overpasses, and the statistical confidence level for the null hypothesis rejection is reduced to 27 %. We also analyzed the results according to the six CALIPSO aerosol subtypes and found relative and absolute biases of −29 % and −0.1 for atmospheric columns that contain the dust subtype exclusively, but with a relatively high correlation coefficient of R = 0.58; this indicates the possibility that the assumed lidar ratio (40 sr) for the CALIPSO dust retrievals is too low. Hence, we used the AERONET size distributions, refractive indices, percent spheres, and forward optics code for spheres and spheroids to compute a lidar ratio climatology for AERONET sites located in the dust belt. The highest lidar ratios of our analysis occur in the non-Sahel regions of Northern Africa, where the median lidar ratio at 0.532 µm is 55.4 sr for 229 retrievals. Lidar ratios are somewhat lower in the African Sahel (49.7 sr for 929 retrievals), the Middle East (42.6 sr for 489 retrievals), and Kanpur, India (43.8 sr for 67 retrievals). We attribute this regional variability in the lidar ratio to the regional variability of the real refractive index of dust, as these two parameters are highly anti-correlated (correlation coefficients range from −0.51 to −0.85 for the various regions). The AERONET refractive index variability is consistent with the variability of illite concentration in dust across the dust belt.

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“…Several authors (e.g. Barkan and Alpert, 2008;Dayan et al, 2008;Carmona and Alpert, 2009;Kalderon-Asael et al, 2009) examined the relation of synoptic-scale circulation patterns in the eastern Mediterranean with changes of mineral aerosol particles between dusty and non-dusty conditions. Recently, other types of aerosol episodes, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synoptic conditions favouring the occurrence of aerosol episodes over the broader Mediterranean basin

Gkikas

Houssos

Hatzianastassiou

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Mineralogical and chemical characterization of suspended atmospheric particles over the east Mediterranean based on synoptic-scale circulation patterns

Cited by 109 publications

References 41 publications

Chemical Characterization of Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter (PM2.5, PM10) in Doha, Qatar

Chemical Characterization of Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter (PM2.5, PM10) in Doha, Qatar

Comparison of CALIPSO aerosol optical depth retrievals to AERONET measurements, and a climatology for the lidar ratio of dust

Synoptic conditions favouring the occurrence of aerosol episodes over the broader Mediterranean basin

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