Mineralization Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage

Abstract

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a technology approach to the management of anthropogenic carbon dioxide gas emissions to the atmosphere. By injecting CO 2 into host rocks, or by employing a an ex situ application step, geological formations can react with and store huge volumes of CO 2 as carbonate minerals. An alternative mineral feedstock material is the Gt of industrial process wastes that are often disposed to landfill. By applying an accelerated carbonation step to solid waste, there is potential to sequestrate meaningful quantities of CO 2 in carbonate-cemented products that have reuse potential. The manufacture of carbonated aggregates is commercially established in Europe, and recent advances in technology include a mobile plant that directly utilizes flue-gas derived CO 2 in the mineralisation process. The present work discusses the basis for mineralization in geologically derived minerals and industrial wastes, with a focus being on the manufacture of products with value. An assessment of mineralized construction aggregates suggests that carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology can manage significant quantities of this CO 2 .

Saving the Planet with Appropriate Biotechnology: 5. An Action Plan

“…The end results are nonetheless similar; CO2 either in liquified or mineralised form which is now available for either utilisation or direct storage in geological underground pockets. A more recent review (Hills et al, 2020) discusses mineralisation in geologically derived minerals and industrial wastes, emphasising the manufacture of products with value. The authors suggest that this sort of CCUS technology can manage significant quantities of CO2.…”

CO2 Utilization and Long-Term Storage in Useful Mineral Products by Carbonation of Alkaline Feedstocks

“…As for residues, several types of alkaline waste materials, including coal fly ash, cement kiln dust (CKD), concrete waste, paper mill waste, municipal solid waste incineration residues such as bottom ash and air pollution control (APC) residues, steel-making by-products, asbestos, and Ni tailings and red mud (Al extraction waste) have been tested (see e.g., Pan et al, 2012;Sanna et al, 2014). Overall, the amounts of industrial residues suitable for MC treatment, which currently are mostly landfilled or employed only for low-end applications, have been estimated to exceed 2 Gt/y (Hills et al, 2020).…”

“…binders and fillers to produce lightweight aggregates for use mainly in concrete. A recent innovation of this process is the development of a mobile plant with a capacity of 12,000 t/y of manufactured aggregates that can directly use flue gas and be located in the proximity of point-source emitters of CO 2 and residues, thus avoiding the need for transport and CO 2 capture (Hills et al, 2020). Co-location of an aggregate manufacturing plant with CO 2 emission sources such as power plants and industries generating solid reactants is also part of the concept of the Blue Planet process that employs alkaline residues such as concrete waste and produces lightweight carbonate-coated aggregates (Blue Planet, 2021).…”

“…This process may be tailored to manufacture products for construction applications and high purity Ca-and Mg-based carbonates for different uses (Librandi et al, 2019). Potential alkalinity sources for mineralization include geologically derived feedstock materials such as olivine and serpentine or alkaline industrial residues (Hills et al, 2020). These residues are typically available in the proximity of CO 2 source emissions, present a high reactivity even at mild operating conditions, and, differently from natural ores, may also present suitable grain size without pretreatment (Librandi et al, 2019).…”

Characterization of Gold Mining Waste for Carbon Sequestration and Utilization as Supplementary Cementitious Material

“…The impact of climate change due to anthropogenic emissions of CO 2 can be reduced via the capture of CO 2 in geological reservoirs. Specifically, among the technologies that are available to stabilize and reduce atmospheric CO 2 emissions from large-scale usage of fossil fuel is one known as carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon sequestration [5][6][7][8]. Geological carbon sequestration is a process of removing CO 2 from the atmosphere and storing it in geological formations for a long period of time [9,10].…”