Mineral sequestration of carbon dioxide in basalt: A pre-injection overview of the CarbFix project

Gíslason, Sigurður R.; Wolff-Boenisch, Domenik; Stefánsson, Andri; Oelkers, Eric H.; Gunnlaugsson, Einar; Sigurðardóttir, Hólmfríður; Sigfússon, Bergur; Broecker, Wallace S.; Matter, Juerg M.; Stute, M.; Axelsson, Guðni; Fridriksson, Thráinn

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.11.013

Cited by 312 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Matter et al, 2008;Oelkers et al, 2008;Gíslason et al, 2010;Aradóttir et al, 2011, for further detail). Extensive research has been conducted in order to characterize the pilot injection site at Hellisheidi with respect to stratigraphy, hydrology as well as other physical and chemical properties (e.g.…”

Section: Basalt Alteration In Hellisheidimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive research has been conducted in order to characterize the pilot injection site at Hellisheidi with respect to stratigraphy, hydrology as well as other physical and chemical properties (e.g. Alfredsson et al, 2008;Rezvani Khalilabad et al, 2008;Gíslason et al, 2010;Helgadóttir et al, 2010;Aradóttir et al, 2011;Níelsson, 2011). Near horizontal sequences of basalt lavas and basaltic glass formations govern the bedrock.…”

Section: Basalt Alteration In Hellisheidimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

2012

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Keywords: Thermodynamic dataset CO 2 -waterbasalt interaction Geochemical modeling CO 2 geological storage In situ CO 2 mineral sequestration A B S T R A C T A thermodynamic dataset describing 36 mineral reactions of interest for CO 2 -water-basalt interaction associated with CO 2 mineral sequestration in basaltic formations is presented. Mineral selection for the dataset is based on extensive review of natural analogs of water-basalt interaction at low and elevated CO 2 conditions. Widely used thermodynamic databases did not contain the mineral assemblage needed for successfully simulating the alteration processes observed in nature as important primary and secondary minerals were found to be missing. The EQ3/6 V7.2b database is the primary source for aqueous equilibrium constants in the developed dataset but reactions for four missing Al-hydroxy complexes were added. Recently published thermodynamic data were compiled for most of the minerals considered in this study. Mineral solubility constants obtained directly from measurements were compiled to the dataset without modification but SUPCRT was used for computing solubility constants when such data was not available. In order to verify that the presented dataset can capture alterations observed in nature, simulations of CO 2 -water-basalt interaction were carried out at low and elevated CO 2 conditions and compared to observed basalt alteration in Iceland and Greenland. Overall simulated and observed alteration are in good agreement, both at low and elevated CO 2 conditions, suggesting the dataset to be well suited for simulations of e.g. CO 2 -water-basalt interaction associated with CO 2 mineral sequestration in basalts.

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Section: Basalt Alteration In Hellisheidimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basalt Alteration In Hellisheidimentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

2012

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“…The rate‐limiting step in mineral sequestration is associated to alkali earth ions availability, released from the parent minerals. Because Ca‐rich clinopyroxene is the sustaining contributor of divalent cations during dissolution of basalts (Wells et al, 2017), we argue that dolomite (and possibly calcite) precipitation during the H 2 O + CO 2 tests is the result of the following reactions (Gislason et al, 2010; Aradóttir et al, 2011):

{CO}_{2 ((), aq)} + H_{2} O_{(normall)} = H_{2} {CO}_{3 ((), l)} = {HCO}_{3}^{-} + H^{+} = {CO}_{3}^{2} - + {2H}^{+} ((), hydration and dissociation)

\underset{Clinopyroxene}{{(Ca, Mg, Fe)}_{2}} {SiO}_{3 ((), s)} + 2 H^{+} = italic2 {(Ca, Mg, Fe)}^{2 +} + {SiO}_{2 ((), aq)} + H_{2} O_{(normall)} ((), dissolution)

{(Mg, Ca)}^{2 +} + {CO}_{2 ((), aq)} + H_{2} O_{(normall)} = \underset{Carbonate minerals}{((),, Mg, Ca) {CO}_{3 ((), s)}} + 2 H^{+} ((), precipitation)

…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The experiments were designed to reproduce the rock‐type and the ambient conditions relevant for Hellisheidi (Iceland) CO 2 ‐injection site (CarbFix pilot project: Gislason & Oelkers, 2014; Gislason et al, 2010). In fact, to date, this is the first storage site in which CO 2 is dissolved in H 2 O before being injected in a basalt‐built reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frictional Instabilities and Carbonation of Basalts Triggered by Injection of Pressurized H₂O‐ and CO₂‐ Rich Fluids

Giacomel

Spagnuolo

Nazzari

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The safe application of geological carbon storage depends also on the seismic hazard associated with fluid injection. In this regard, we performed friction experiments using a rotary shear apparatus on precut basalts with variable degree of hydrothermal alteration by injecting distilled H2O, pure CO2, and H2O + CO2 fluid mixtures under temperature, fluid pressure, and stress conditions relevant for large‐scale subsurface CO2 storage reservoirs. In all experiments, seismic slip was preceded by short‐lived slip bursts. Seismic slip occurred at equivalent fluid pressures and normal stresses regardless of the fluid injected and degree of alteration of basalts. Injection of fluids caused also carbonation reactions and crystallization of new dolomite grains in the basalt‐hosted faults sheared in H2O + CO2 fluid mixtures. Fast mineral carbonation in the experiments might be explained by shear heating during seismic slip, evidencing the high chemical reactivity of basalts to H2O + CO2 mixtures.

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“…Numerous studies have been published in the past on sequestering CO2 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] along with different direct and indirect methods of reducing the overall CO2 emissions. Among the CO2 sequestration methods, mineral route of carbonation, especially of alkaline earth oxide bearing rocks, has proven to be an effective means [4,[8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore- and micro-structural characterization of a novel structural binder based on iron carbonation

Das

Stone

Convey

et al. 2014

Materials Characterization

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The pore-and micro-structural features of a novel binding material based on the carbonation of waste metallic iron powder is reported in this paper. The binder contains metallic iron powder as the major ingredient, followed by additives containing silica and alumina to facilitate favorable reaction product formation. Compressive strengths sufficient for a majority of concrete applications are attained. The material pore structure is investigated primarily through mercury intrusion porosimetry whereas electron microscopy is used for microstructural characterization. Reduction in the overall porosity and the average pore size with an increase in carbonation duration from 1 day to 4 days are noticed. The pore structure features are used in predictive models for gas and moisture transport (water vapor diffusivity and moisture permeability) through the porous medium which dictates its long-term durability when used in structural applications. Comparisons of the pore structure with those of a Portland cement paste are also provided. The morphology of the reaction products in the iron-based binder, its elemental composition and the distribution of constituent elements in the microstructure are also reported.

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Mineral sequestration of carbon dioxide in basalt: A pre-injection overview of the CarbFix project

Cited by 312 publications

References 61 publications

Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

Frictional Instabilities and Carbonation of Basalts Triggered by Injection of Pressurized H₂O‐ and CO₂‐ Rich Fluids

Pore- and micro-structural characterization of a novel structural binder based on iron carbonation

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Mineral sequestration of carbon dioxide in basalt: A pre-injection overview of the CarbFix project

Cited by 312 publications

References 61 publications

Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO2 mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks

Frictional Instabilities and Carbonation of Basalts Triggered by Injection of Pressurized H2O‐ and CO2‐ Rich Fluids

Pore- and micro-structural characterization of a novel structural binder based on iron carbonation

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Frictional Instabilities and Carbonation of Basalts Triggered by Injection of Pressurized H₂O‐ and CO₂‐ Rich Fluids