Mineral nutrition ofCannabis sativaL.

Multivariate classification based on chemical and stable isotopic profiles in sourcing the origin of marijuana samples seized in Brazil

“…Iron and Mn, also are abundant element in basalt-derived soils, such as this case and Fe can reach toxic levels according the soil's pH (pH < 5.0). 38 In comparison to the literature data, Cu and Zn concentrations for these samples were similar to those obtained by Landi,14 although lower than those presented by Coffman and Gentner. 9 It is well known that Zn deficiency is the most generalized and critical in those regions and is probably related to the composition of the parent material.…”

“…Although 100% of inflorescences samples were successfully classified, according to the author the methodology did not prove itself potentially viable in the analysis of real samples due to the complexity of the problem. 14 The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), a more sensitive technique, allowed Watling 16 to analyze non-essential elements and micronutrients that are present in lower concentrations in plants. About 45 elements were measured qualitatively in samples from Australia, and the most relevant ones to discriminate the different regions in the country were rare earth elements (REE), Au, Th, U e W. Some hydroponics Cannabis were also analyzed and their results are extremely concise with low dispersion rates.…”

“…This fingerprint can be established using samples organic, [8][9][10][11] inorganic 6,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or isotopic [20][21][22][23][24] profiles which are related to the plant growth conditions such as climatic conditions and elements availability in the soil. Although each one of these strategies provide very interesting and powerful results, the use of a set of variables independents from each other would be able to provides complementary information which could make it a distinct feature in the sourcing their origins.…”

“…9 Although some correlations were noted, the data gathered did not prove conclusive to track the geographical origin of these samples due to the large quantity of related parameters. 9 The nutrient profile determined by atomic absorption spectrometry technique associated to linear discriminant analysis were used by Landi 14 in classifying samples from different regions of Italy, previously separated in inflorescences and leaves. Although 100% of inflorescences samples were successfully classified, according to the author the methodology did not prove itself potentially viable in the analysis of real samples due to the complexity of the problem.…”

Elemental Analysis of Biological Matrices by Laser Ablation High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-HR-ICP-MS) and High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS)

“…Whether cultivated or grown in the wild, Cannabis plants originating from different geographical environment present different morphological and biochemical properties [196]. Cannabis plants are one of the most popular plants for drug preparation especially in the form of marijuana and hashish.…”