“…According the results reported in [16,22], for the sinusoidal profile with the wavelength of 20 nm and the amplitude of 1 nm the energy gain at the parallel orientation in comparison with the perpendicular one is 8 · 10 −5 J/m 2 . This provides so strong adhesion that to rotate liquid crystal molecules normally to microrelief grooves it is necessary to apply electric field with the strength of 6 · 10 8 V/m or magnetic field with the strength of 6 · 10 8 A/m.…”
Section: Peculiarities Of Formation Of Liquid-crystal Layers On Solidmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…According to the results of [16], the viscosity of cholesterolacetate increases by approximately six orders of magnitude at the elucidation point. However, the measurements of the viscosity of cholesterolformiate with varying temperature carried out in a rotation viscometer did not show so great viscosity rise at the elucidation point (Fig.…”
Section: Rheological Properties Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…For nematic and smectic crystals Δχ > 0 and for pure cholesterol ethers Δχ < 0. However, for some cholesterics Δχ > 0 [16].…”
Section: Optical and Electrical Properties Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…This is a brief history of the discovery of liquid crystals. The development of liquid crystal research is described in more detail in book [1] specially devoted to this problem.…”
Section: History Of Liquid Crystal Discoverymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These forces, hence the energy of interaction, are governed by a number of factors. The surface preparation technique is believed the main factor [16].…”
Section: Peculiarities Of Formation Of Liquid-crystal Layers On Solidmentioning