Mineral dust photochemistry induces nucleation events in the presence of SO<sub>2</sub>

Dupart, Y.; King, S. M.; Nekat, Bettina; Nowak, Andreas; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Herrmann, Hartmut; David, Grégory; Thomas, Barry A.; Miffre, Alain; Rairoux, P.; D’Anna, Barbara; George, Christian

doi:10.1073/pnas.1212297109

Cited by 129 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Coagulation might be also invoked, but in this case, photochemistry would not be implied, in contradiction with Dupart et al's laboratory experiments [10]. As a result, our numerical simulation and lidar experiments provide strong arguments in favor of the remote lidar observation of a nucleation event promoted by dust particles.…”

Section: Lidar Observation Of a Nucleation Eventcontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…Starting from an observed NPF-event promoted by desert dust particles [10], we numerically simulated the corresponding lidar particles backscattering coefficient βNPF, by applying the Mie theory to freshly nucleated sulfuric acid particles and the T-matrix numerical code [9] for non-spherical desert dust particles. We hence retrieved the optical requirement for detecting such a nucleation event (NPF-event) promoted by desert dust particles, for which the lidar backscattering coefficient βNPF is equal to 0.7 Mm -…”

Section: Methodology For Remotely Sensing a Npfevent With A Lidar Bacmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

Miffre¹,

Anselmo²,

Francis³

et al. 2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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In this contribution, we present the results of two recent papers [1,2] published in Optics Express, dedicated to the development of two new lidar methodologies. In [1], while the carbon aerosol (for example, soot particles) is recognized as a major uncertainty on climate and public health, we couple lidar remote sensing with LaserInduced-Incandescence (LII) to allow retrieving the vertical profile of very low thermal radiation emitted by the carbon aerosol, in agreement with Planck's law, in an urban atmosphere over several hundred meters altitude. In paper [2], awarded as June 2014 OSA Spotlight, we identify the optical requirements ensuring an elastic lidar to be sensitive to new particles formation events (NPFevents) in the atmosphere, while, in the literature, all the ingredients initiating nucleation are still being unrevealed [3]. Both papers proceed with the same methodology by identifying the optical requirements from numerical simulation (Planck and Kirchhoff's laws in [1], Mie and T-matrix numerical codes in [2]), then presenting lidar field application case studies. We believe these new lidar methodologies may be useful for climate, geophysical, as well as fundamental purposes.

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Section: Lidar Observation Of a Nucleation Eventcontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Methodology For Remotely Sensing a Npfevent With A Lidar Bacmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

Miffre¹,

Anselmo²,

Francis³

et al. 2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…10e). This layer can be possibly linked to the photochemically induced nucleation which may occur in the presence of dust and SO 2 as hypothesised in a recent study by Dupart et al (2012) and observed by Nie et al (2014).…”

Section: Layers With Enhanced Aitken-mode Particle Numbersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Continental pollution in the western Mediterranean basin: vertical profiles of aerosol and trace gases measured over the sea during TRAQA 2012 and SAFMED 2013

et al. 2015

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Abstract. In this study we present airborne observations of aerosol and trace gases obtained over the sea in the western Mediterranean basin during the TRAQA (TRansport and Air QuAlity) and SAFMED (Secondary Aerosol Formation in the MEDiterranean) campaigns in summer 2012 and 2013. A total of 23 vertical profiles were measured up to 5000 m above sea level over an extended area (40-45 • N and 2 • W-12 • E) including the Gulf of Genoa, southern France, the Gulf of Lion, and the Spanish coast. During TRAQA and SAFMED the study area experienced a wide range of meteorological conditions which favoured pollution export from different sources located around the basin. Also, several events of dust outflows were measured during the campaigns. Observations from the present study show that continental pollution largely affects the western Mediterranean both close to coastal regions and in the open sea as far as ∼ 250 km from the coastline. The measured aerosol scattering coefficient varies between ∼ 20 and 120 Mm −1 , while carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O 3 ) mixing ratios are in the range of 60-165 and 30-85 ppbv, respectively. Pollution reaches 3000-4000 m in altitude and presents a very complex and highly stratified structure characterized by fresh and aged layers both in the boundary layer and in the free troposphere. Within pollution plumes the measured particle concentration in the Aitken (0.004-0.1 µm) and accumulation (0.1-1.0 µm) modes is between ∼ 30 and 5000-6000 scm −3 (standard cm −3 ), which is comparable to the aerosol concentration measured in continental areas under pollution conditions. Additionally, our measurements indicate the presence of highly concentrated Aitken layers (10 000-15 000 scm −3 ) observed both close to the surface and in the free troposphere, possibly linked to the influence of new particle formation (NPF) episodes over the basin.

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“…Instead, we used 7-day air mass back trajectories to identify the potential source of the nonspherical particles present at the remote site. Otherwise, we already published in Dupart et al (2012) on the combined use of our lidar depolarization experiment with laboratory chemical studies.…”

Section: G David Et Al: Retrieving Simulated Volcanic Desert Dust mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantifying their effect is a challenging task, in part due to the complexity of these atmospheric particles, which present a wide range of sizes, shapes and chemical compositions with interconnected distributions, as we recently published in a comprehensive study (Dupart et al, 2012). Nonspherical particles are particularly challenging because there is no generic, exact light-scattering theory for such particles (Mishchenko et al, 2000;).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieving simulated volcanic, desert dust and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures using UV-VIS polarization lidar and T matrix

et al. 2013

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During transport by advection, atmospheric nonspherical particles, such as volcanic ash, desert dust or sea-salt particles experience several chemical and physical processes, leading to a complex vertical atmospheric layering at remote sites where intrusion episodes occur. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed to analyse this complex vertical layering in the case of a two/three-component particle external mixtures. This methodology relies on an analysis of the spectral and polarization properties of the light backscattered by atmospheric particles. It is based on combining a sensitive and accurate UV-VIS polarization lidar experiment with T-matrix numerical simulations and air mass back trajectories. The Lyon UV-VIS polarization lidar is used to efficiently partition the particle mixture into its nonspherical components, while the T-matrix method is used for simulating the backscattering and depolarization properties of nonspherical volcanic ash, desert dust and sea-salt particles. It is shown that the particle mixtures' depolarization ratio δ_p differs from the nonspherical particles' depolarization ratio δ_ns due to the presence of spherical particles in the mixture. Hence, after identifying a tracer for nonspherical particles, particle backscattering coefficients specific to each nonspherical component can be retrieved in a two-component external mixture. For three-component mixtures, the spectral properties of light must in addition be exploited by using a dual-wavelength polarization lidar. Hence, for the first time, in a three-component external mixture, the nonsphericity of each particle is taken into account in a so-called 2β + 2δ formalism. Applications of this new methodology are then demonstrated in two case studies carried out in Lyon, France, related to the mixing of Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash with sulfate particles (case of a two-component mixture) and to the mixing of dust with sea-salt and water-soluble particles (case of a three-component mixture). This new methodology, which is able to provide separate vertical profiles of backscattering coefficient for mixed atmospheric dust, sea-salt and water-soluble particles, may be useful for accurate radiative forcing assessments

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Mineral dust photochemistry induces nucleation events in the presence of SO₂

Cited by 129 publications

References 38 publications

The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

Continental pollution in the western Mediterranean basin: vertical profiles of aerosol and trace gases measured over the sea during TRAQA 2012 and SAFMED 2013

Retrieving simulated volcanic, desert dust and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures using UV-VIS polarization lidar and T matrix

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Mineral dust photochemistry induces nucleation events in the presence of SO2

Cited by 129 publications

References 38 publications

The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

The Carbon Aerosol / Particles Nucleation with a Lidar: Numerical Simulations and Field Studies

Continental pollution in the western Mediterranean basin: vertical profiles of aerosol and trace gases measured over the sea during TRAQA 2012 and SAFMED 2013

Retrieving simulated volcanic, desert dust and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures using UV-VIS polarization lidar and T matrix

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Mineral dust photochemistry induces nucleation events in the presence of SO₂