Mineral dust layers in snow at Mount Tateyama, Central Japan: formation
                        processes and characteristics

Osada, Kazuo; Iida, Hiroki; Kido, Masaru; Matsunaga, Katsuji; Iwasaka, Yasunobu

doi:10.3402/tellusb.v56i4.16436

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Alpine mountain snow sequences would provide useful information on the chemical states of Asian dust deposited over the snowfield, in which atmospheric organic acids are well preserved in snow layers (Osada et al, 2004).…”

Section: T Mochizuki Et Al: Long-range Atmospheric Transport Of Volmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over a high mountain snow site, central Japan

et al. 2016

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Abstract. To understand the long-range transport of monocarboxylic acids from the Asian continent to the Japanese islands, we collected snowpack samples from a pit sequence (depth ca. 6 m) at the Murodo-Daira snowfield near the summit of Mt. Tateyama, central Japan, in 2009 and 2011. Snow samples (n = 16) were analyzed for normal (C 1 -C 10 ), branched chain (iC 4 -iC 6 ), aromatic (benzoic and toluic acid isomers), and hydroxyl (glycolic and lactic) monocarboxylic acids, together with inorganic ions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Acetic acid (C 2 ) was found to be a dominant species (average 125 ng g −1 ), followed by formic acid (C 1 ) (85.7 ng g −1 ) and isopentanoic acid (iC 5 ) (20.0 ng g −1 ). We found a strong correlation (r = 0.88) between formic plus acetic acids and non-sea-salt Ca 2+ that is a proxy of Asian dust. Contributions of total monocarboxylic acids to DOC in 2009 (21.2 ± 11.6 %) were higher than that in 2011 (3.75 ± 2.62 %), being consistent with higher intensity of Asian dust in 2009 than in 2011. Formic plus acetic acids also showed a positive correlation (r = 0.90) with benzoic acid that is a tracer of automobile exhaust, indicating that monocarboxylic acids and their precursors are largely emitted from anthropogenic sources in China and/or secondarily produced in the atmosphere by photochemical processing. In addition, the ratio of formic plus acetic acids to nss-Ca 2+ (0.27) was significantly higher than those (0.00036-0.0018) obtained for reference dust materials of Chinese loess deposits from the Tengger and Gobi deserts. This result suggests that volatile and semi-volatile organic acids are adsorbed on the alkaline dust particles during long-range atmospheric transport. Entrainment of organic acids by dusts is supported by a good correlation (r = 0.87) between formic plus acetic acids and pH of melt snow samples. Our study suggests that Asian alkaline dusts may be a carrier of volatile monocarboxylic acids.

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Section: T Mochizuki Et Al: Long-range Atmospheric Transport Of Volmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over a high mountain snow site, central Japan

et al. 2016

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“…Size measurements of dust particles in dusty snow collected at Mt. Tateyama, central Japan showed modal diameters of about 6-21 µm (Osada et al, 2004). Sampling conditions of spring snow at Mt.…”

Section: Giant Dust Deposition and Atmospheric Transport Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet and dry deposition of mineral dust particles in Japan: factors related to temporal variation and spatial distribution

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Recent ground networks and satellite remotesensing observations have provided useful data related to spatial and vertical distributions of mineral dust particles in the atmosphere. However, measurements of temporal variations and spatial distributions of mineral dust deposition fluxes are limited in terms of their duration, location, and processes of deposition. To ascertain temporal variations and spatial distributions of mineral dust deposition using wet and dry processes, weekly deposition samples were obtained at Sapporo, Toyama, Nagoya, Tottori, Fukuoka, and Cape Hedo (Okinawa) in Japan during October 2008-December 2010 using automatic wet and dry separating samplers. Mineral dust weights in water-insoluble residue were estimated from Fe contents measured using an X-ray fluorescence analyser. Wet and dry deposition fluxes of mineral dusts were both high in spring and low in summer, showing similar seasonal variations to frequency of aeolian dust events (Kosa) in Japan. For wet deposition, highest and lowest annual dust fluxes were found at Toyama (9.6 g m −2 yr −1 ) and at Cape Hedo (1.7 g m −2 yr −1 ) as average values in 2009 and 2010. Higher wet deposition fluxes were observed at Toyama and Tottori, where frequent precipitation (> 60 % days per month) was observed during dusty seasons. For dry deposition among Toyama, Tottori, Fukuoka, and Cape Hedo, the highest and lowest annual dust fluxes were found respectively at Fukuoka (5.2 g m −2 yr −1 ) and at Cape Hedo (2.0 g m −2 yr −1 ) as average values in 2009 and 2010. The average ratio of wet and dry deposition fluxes was the highest at Toyama (3.3) and the lowest at Hedo (0.82), showing a larger contribution of the dry process at western sites, probably because of the distance from desert source regions and because of the effectiveness of the wet process in the dusty season.Size distributions of refractory dust particles were obtained using four-stage filtration: > 20, > 10, > 5, and > 1 µm diameter. Weight fractions of the sum of > 20 µ m and 10-20 µm (giant fraction) were higher than 50 % for most of the event samples. Irrespective of the deposition type, the giant dust fractions generally decreased with increasing distance from the source area, suggesting the selective depletion of larger giant particles during atmospheric transport. Based on temporal variations of PM c (2.5 < D < 10 µm), ground-based lidar, backward air trajectories, and vertical profiles of potential temperatures, transport processes of dust particles are discussed for events with high-deposition and low-deposition flux with high PM c . Low dry dust depositions with high PM c concentrations were observed under stronger (5 K km −1

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“…Asian dust in Mt. Tateyama (central Japan) snow samples show a median volume diameter 6-21 μm (Osada et al, 2004), while dust particles of up to 60 μm (equivalent sphere diameter) have been transported as far as 2000 km away (Jeong et al, 2013). Therefore, transport of large particles from the remote arid region to the high-alpine glacier surface on the Tibetan Plateau is feasible.…”

Section: Composition Discrepancy Between Snow Dust and Cryoconitementioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental implications for dust in high-alpine snow and ice cores in Asian mountains

Wu¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Global and Planetary Change

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Mineral dust layers in snow at Mount Tateyama, Central Japan: formation processes and characteristics

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over a high mountain snow site, central Japan

Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over a high mountain snow site, central Japan

Wet and dry deposition of mineral dust particles in Japan: factors related to temporal variation and spatial distribution

The environmental implications for dust in high-alpine snow and ice cores in Asian mountains

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