Mineral Content and Magnetic Properties of River Iron Sand from Jayapura, Papua

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the mineral content and magnetic properties of river iron sand from Jayapura, Papua. The iron sand was collected from the Waimbow River in the Waibu District, whereas the bulk samples were extracted using a permanent magnet. The extracted iron sand was characterized using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffractometer to identify the elemental composition and structural phase. Meanwhile, the vibrating sample magnetometer was also applied to characterize the magnetic properties. The results show that the iron sand contains magnetite as a major mineral, with soft magnetic properties. The hysteresis curve shows that the iron sand has a high saturation magnetization of 27.8 emu/g, remanent magnetization of 2.34 emu/g, and coercive field of 21.3 Oe. These results also indicate that the iron sand formation in northern Papua was mainly due to lithogenic factors.

Crystal Structure and Magnetic Susceptibility of Iron Sand From Pangeo Village, Morotai Jaya Subdistrict as The Cathode of Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The Fe element is the most dominant magnetic element, together with a small composition of other transition elements which also have magnetic properties, such as Si, Ca, Mn, and Ti. (Haryati et al, 2021;Togibasa et al, 2018). The non-magnetic Si element is the second dominant element, followed by the Ca, Ti, and Mn elements.…”

“…The total magnetic and mass susceptibility values of each sample differ depending on the sample's field strength. The difference in the values of magnetic susceptibility and mass susceptibility is caused by differences in the number of magnetic minerals in soil deposits (Yulianto et al, 2003;Haryati et al, 2021;Sebayang et al, 2022;Togibasa et al, 2018). As shown in Table 2, the 12 samples have very varying mass magnetic susceptibility values.…”

“…Some natural materials contain this magnetic material, such as iron sand. According to (Haryati et al, 2021;Sadjab et al, 2020;Togibasa et al, 2018), the main content of iron sand is Fe in the bonds of mineral oxides such as magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (α-Fe2O3), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3). Other minerals such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silica dioxide (SiO2), phosphorus pentaoxide (P2O5), calcium oxide (CaO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), vanadium pentaoxide (V2O5), chromium (iii) oxide (Cr2O3).…”