Mineral Composition of Swards Containing Forage Chicory

Abstract

value of chicory herbage and to identify nutrient inputs that sustain production, especially when high rates of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), a highly productive forage under N are applied. Crush and Evans (1990) and Reid et al. midsummer conditions in the eastern USA, often has higher concentrations of minerals relative to grasses and legumes. Low concentra- (1993) reported that the mineral composition of forage tions of minerals in herbage could reduce production efficiency or chicory was comparable to or exceeded that of white create metabolic disorders in livestock. Information on the mineral and red clover (Trifolium repens and T. pratense, respeccomposition of chicory is limited, but it is needed to improve our tively) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Minunderstanding of nutritive value and inputs required to sustain chicory eral concentrations in chicory met or exceeded recomproduction, especially where high rates of N are applied. We conmended dietary mineral requirements of lactating dairy ducted field experiments for 3 yr on a Ramsey soil (Loamy, siliceous, cows (Jung et al., 1996), and because chicory had a subactive, mesic Lithic Dystrudept) in southern West Virginia to derelatively high B concentration, fertilization with B termine (i) response to increasing fertilizer N and (ii) production of might be warranted. Herbage may contain mineral conchicory as a component of swards, including grass and legume as a centrations that theoretically meet livestock requirefunction of clipping frequency. Mineral concentrations and uptake in available herbage generally increased as N rate increased and were

Phosphorus Leaching from Two Soils with Catch Crops Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Cycles

“…In the current experiment, ryegrass had a total P content in the tops of 7287 mg kg -1 DM. Belesky et al (2001) reported P contents of 4400 mg kg -1 in a young crop of chicory and 3700 mg kg -1 in an older crop, whereas in the current experiment, chicory was 7305 mg kg -1 . These other values indicate that in comparison, the P concentrations in plants from this study were higher.…”

Robustness in the mineral supply from temporary grasslands

“…Increasingly it is appreciated that additional species may profoundly affect ecosystem functions and provisional services (Naeem et al, 1995;Vitousek et al, 1997;Belesky et al, 2001;Høgh-Jensen et al, 2006;Gylfadó ttir et al, 2007). Management optimization of temporary grassland systems, which are only kept for a few years (Allen et al 2011) must take species traits and soil fertility into consideration (Whitehead et al, 1978;Hopkins et al, 1994).…”

“…However, many pasture plants supply other elements that influence the performance of those ingesting the herbage. Belesky et al (2001) investigated mineral composition in pure stand chicory and Whitehead et al (1978) in pure stand ryegrass but studies in mixtures have also been reported (Whitehead et al, 1983, Lawes & Gilbert, 1990, Hopkins et al, 1994. Hopkins et al (1994) described the variation in selected macro-and micro-mineral concentrations in Lolium perenne/Trifolium repens-dominated swards over seasons and over years (Hopkins et al, 1994).…”

Productivity and quality, competition and facilitation of chicory in ryegrass/legume-based pastures under various nitrogen supply levels

“…It is native to Europe, Western and Central Asia, North Africa and South America and is after intensive breeding efforts gaining popularity in grassland due to its high forage quality and productivity (Barry, 1998;Belesky et al, 2001;Collins and McCoy, 1997).…”