Mineral commodity profiles -- asbestos

Virta, Robert L.

doi:10.3133/cir1255kk

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Commercially produced asbestos includes the serpentine mineral chrysotile and the amphibole minerals crocidolite (riebeckite), amosite (cummingtonite-grunerite), tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite, when the latter three are asbestiform. Greater than 95% of global asbestos production has been chrysotile (Virta 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asbestos has been linked to several primarily pulmonary health problems in humans including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma (Skinner et al 1988;ATSDR 2001;Roggli and Coin 2004). Asbestos is an industrial term used to describe several silicate minerals that form long, thin, durable mineral fibers that have high tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to heat (Skinner et al 1988;Virta 2005;Van Gosen 2007). Commercially produced asbestos includes the serpentine mineral chrysotile and the amphibole minerals crocidolite (riebeckite), amosite (cummingtonite-grunerite), tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite, when the latter three are asbestiform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineralogy of mine waste at the Vermont Asbestos Group mine, Belvidere Mountain, Vermont

Levitan

Hammarstrom

Gunter

et al. 2009

American Mineralogist

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Samples from the surfaces of waste piles at the Vermont Asbestos Group mine in northern Vermont were studied to determine their mineralogy, particularly the presence and morphology of amphiboles. Analyses included powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and Raman spectroscopy. Minerals identified by XRD were serpentine-group minerals, magnetite, chlorite, quartz, olivine, pyroxene, and brucite; locally, mica and carbonates were also present. Raman spectroscopy distinguished antigorite and chrysotile, which could not be differentiated using XRD. Long-count, short-range XRD scans of the (110) amphibole peak showed trace amounts of amphibole in most samples. Examination of amphiboles in tailings by optical microscopy, SEM, and EPMA revealed non-fibrous amphiboles compositionally classified as edenite, magnesiohornblende, magnesiokatophorite, and pargasite. No fibrous amphibole was found in the tailings, although fibrous tremolite was identified in a sample of host rock. Knowledge of the mineralogy at the site may lead to better understanding of potential implications for human health and aid in designing a remediation plan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy of mine waste at the Vermont Asbestos Group mine, Belvidere Mountain, Vermont

Levitan

Hammarstrom

Gunter

et al. 2009

American Mineralogist

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“…Currently, the incidence of the disease is still increasing in most countries of the world, and only in countries in which asbestos control measures were taken during the 1970s, such as Sweden and the UK, has this increase levelled off [23]. Thus, the worldwide epidemic is in its beginning [24,25], and in countries that produce and/or use asbestos, such as China, India, Russia, Zambia, Colombia and Kazakhstan, a sharp rise in incidence could be expected [26][27][28][29].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant pleural mesothelioma: history, controversy and future of a manmade epidemic

2015

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Asbestos is the term for a family of naturally occurring minerals that have been used on a small scale since ancient times. Industrialisation demanded increased mining and refining in the 20th century, and in 1960, Wagner, Sleggs and Marchand from South Africa linked asbestos to mesothelioma, paving the way to the current knowledge of the aetiology, epidemiology and biology of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma is one of the most lethal cancers, with increasing incidence worldwide. This review will give some snapshots of the history of pleural mesothelioma discovery, and the body of epidemiological and biological research, including some of the controversies and unresolved questions. Translational research is currently unravelling novel circulating biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and novel treatment targets. Current breakthrough discoveries of clinically promising noninvasive biomarkers, such as the 13-protein signature, microRNAs and the BAP1 mesothelioma/cancer syndrome, are highlighted. The asbestos history is a lesson to not be repeated, but here we also review recent in vivo and in vitro studies showing that manmade carbon nanofibres could pose a similar danger to human health. This should be taken seriously by regulatory bodies to ensure thorough testing of novel materials before release in the society. @ERSpublications Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a cancer with increasing death tolls due to the past and present use of asbestos http://ow.ly/DhA2y

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“…There are six principal asbestos minerals-chrysotile, actinolite, tremolite, crocidolite (riebeckite), anthophyllite and amosite (grunerite) [1,2]. A different chemical composition, structure and physical properties determined the use of these minerals in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asbestos-cement products constituted the main assortment of products based on asbestos, and about 85 % of mined asbestos was used for their production [1]. It was a very inexpensive and popular building material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal decomposition of asbestos-containing materials

Kusiorowski

Zaremba

Piotrowski

et al. 2013

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Asbestos is the common name applied to a group of natural, fibrous silicate minerals, which were once one of the most popular raw materials to be used in building materials. Asbestos was mainly used for the production of assortment asbestos-cement products. Today it is generally known that asbestos belongs to the group of hazardous materials and shows carcinogenic activity. In Poland, asbestos-containing materials are stored in special landfills. This is not the final solution to the asbestos problem because the fibrous structure of asbestos is still maintained. Therefore, methods based on recycling must be found which will be able to destroy asbestos' dangerous fibrous structure. One of these methods may be thermal decomposition, where chemically combined water is released from the asbestos materials during heating. This leads to changes in the crystal structure and to the formation of new mineral phases. The aim of the preliminary research presented in this study was to determine the thermal behaviour as well as the structural and phase transformations of asbestos-cement materials during heating to high temperature. In the present study, three different types of asbestos-containing materials from Poland were examined. Differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry with evolved gas analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the thermal decomposition of asbestos-cement samples. It was found that there were no significant differences between the type of asbestos-cement samples used-their thermal decomposition takes place in a similar way.

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Mineral commodity profiles -- asbestos

Cited by 60 publications

References 15 publications

Mineralogy of mine waste at the Vermont Asbestos Group mine, Belvidere Mountain, Vermont

Mineralogy of mine waste at the Vermont Asbestos Group mine, Belvidere Mountain, Vermont

Malignant pleural mesothelioma: history, controversy and future of a manmade epidemic

Thermal decomposition of asbestos-containing materials

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