Mineral chemistry of igneous rocks in the Lar Cu-Mo prospect, southeastern part of Iran: implications for P, T, and ƒO2

Moradi, Rahele; Boomeri, Mohammad; Bagheri, Sasan; Nakashima, Keisuke

doi:10.3906/yer-1510-5

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…A strong correlation between the F and Cu contents of biotites in mineralized plutons from Basin and Range Province, USA has been described by (Parry and Jacobs, 1975). The high content of F in biotites at Casino Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit (Canada) and Lar Cu-Mo porphyry deposit (Iran), respectively is strongly associated with potassic and phyllic alterations, in which high copper-gold mineralization occurred (Selby and Nesbitt, 2000;Moradi et al, 2016). (Idrus, 2005).…”

Section: Halogen Chemistry Used For Vector To Orementioning

confidence: 96%

Halogen Chemistry of Hydrothermal Micas: a Possible Geochemical Tool in Vectoring to Ore for Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit

Idrus

2018

J. Geoscience Eng. Environ. Technol.

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Porphyry copper-gold deposit commonly exhibits an extensive alteration zone of hydrothermal micas particularly biotite and sericite. This study is aimed to analyze and utilize the chemistry of halogen fluorine and chlorine of biotite and sericite to be a possible tool in vectoring to ore for copper porphyry deposits. To achieve the objectives, several selected altered rock samples were taken crossing the Batu Hijau copper-gold mine from inner to outer of the deposit, and hydrothermal micas contained by the rocks were analyzed petrographically and chemically. Mineral chemistry was detected by electron microprobe analyzer, whilst biotite is petrographically classified as either magmatic or hydrothermal types. Sericite replacing plagioclase occurred as fine-grained mineral and predominantly associated with argillic-related alteration types. Biotites in the Batu Hijau deposit are classified as phlogopite with a relatively low mole fraction magnesium (XMg) (~0.75) compared to the “typical” copper porphyry deposit (~0.82). The relationship between the XMg and halogen contents are generally consistent with “Fe-F and Mg-Cl avoidance rules”. F content in biotite and sericite decrease systematically from inner part of the deposit which is represented by early biotite (potassic) zone where the main copper-gold hosted, to the outer part of the deposit. However, chlorine in both biotite and sericite from each of the alteration zones shows a relative similar concentration, which suggests that it is not suitable to be used in identification of the alteration zones associated with strong copper-gold mineralization. H2O content of the biotite and sericite also exhibits a systematic increase outward which may also provide a possible geochemical vector to ore for the copper porphyry deposits. This is well correlated with fluorine content of biotite in rocks and bulk concentration of copper from the corresponding rocks.

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Section: Halogen Chemistry Used For Vector To Orementioning

confidence: 96%

Halogen Chemistry of Hydrothermal Micas: a Possible Geochemical Tool in Vectoring to Ore for Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit

Idrus

2018

J. Geoscience Eng. Environ. Technol.

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“…The approach extracts alteration and structural data from the satellite images and thereafter combines and integrates these data using WofE to produce a prospective map of the region which revealed zones of mineralisation in the area. Moradi and Boomeri (2017) enhanced and integrated Landsat images of the Lar area in the Southeastern part of Iran to highlight the role of hydrothermal alteration zones in searching for mineral deposits. The analysis involves colour composite, band ratio and directional filtering of lineament.…”

Section: Previous Application Of Remote Sensing Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of GIS and remote sensing in mineral exploration: current and future perspectives

Tagwai

Jimoh

Shehu

et al. 2023

WJE

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Purpose This paper aims to give an oversight of what is being done by researchers in GIS and remote sensing (field) to explore minerals. The main objective of this review is to explore how GIS and remote sensing have been beneficial in identifying mineral deposits for easier and cost-effective mining. Design/methodology/approach The approach of this research used Web of Science to generate a database of published articles on the application of GIS and remote sensing techniques for mineral exploration. The literature was further digested, noting the main findings, adopted method, illustration and research scales. Findings When applied alone, each technique seems effective, but it is important to know that combining different methods is more effective in identifying ore deposits. Originality/value This paper also examined and provided possible solutions to both current and future perspective issues relating to the application of GIS and remote sensing to mineral exploration. The authors believe that the conclusions and recommendations drawn from case studies and literature review will be of great importance to geoscientists and policymakers.

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“…Our knowledge of the HF, HCl, and H 2 O fugacity of hydrothermal fluids associated with porphyry Cu mineralization and hydrothermal alteration is based on limited published thermodynamic data (Parry and Jacobs, 1975;Parry et al, 1978;Munoz and Swenson, 1981;Munoz, 1984;Loferski and Ayuso, 1995). Presently, there are several studies dealing with mineral chemistry of hydrothermal biotite from numerous porphyry copper deposits worldwide, such as Kahang deposit, Iran (Afshooni et al, 2013), Lar deposit, Iran (Moradi et al, 2016), Dexing deposit, China (Bao et al, 2016), and Sisson Brook deposit, New Brunswick, Canada (Zhang et al, 2016). Halogen chemistry of magmatic biotite within the mineralization-bearing tonalite porphyry in Batu Hijau deposit, Indonesia, was described by Idrus et al (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of Magmatic and Hydrothermal Biotite in Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits: A Tool for Understanding Mineralizing Fluid Compositional Changes During Alteration Processes

Idrus

2018

Indonesian J. Geosci.

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This study aims to understand the petrography and chemistry of both magmatic and hydrothermal biotites in porphyry copper-gold deposits, and to evaluate the fluid compositional changes during alteration processes. A total of 206 biotite grains from selected rock samples taken from the Batu Hijau porphyry Cu-Au deposit was analyzed. Detailed petrography and biotite chemistry analysis were performed on thin sections and polished thin sections, respectively, representing various rocks and alteration types. A JEOL JXA-8900R electron microprobe analyzer (EMPA) was used for the chemistry analysis. The biotite is texturally divided into magmatic and hydrothermal types. Ti, Fe, and F contents can be used to distinguish the two biotite types chemically. Some oxide and halogen contents of biotite from various rocks and alteration types demonstrate a systematic variation in chemical composition. Biotite halogen chemistry shows a systematic increase in log (X Cl /X OH) and decrease in log (X F /X OH) values from biotite (potassic) through chlorite-sericite (intermediate argillic) to actinolite (inner propylitic) zones. The y-intercepts on the log (X Cl /X OH) vs. X Mg and log (X F /X OH) vs. X Fe plotted for biotite from potassic and intermediate argillic zones are similar or slightly different. In contrast, the y-intercepts on the log (X Cl /X OH) vs. X Mg and log (X F /X OH) vs. X Fe plotted for biotite from inner propylitic zone display different values in comparison to the two alteration zones. Halogen (F,Cl) fugacity ratios in biotite show a similar pattern: in the potassic and intermediate argillic zones they show little variation, whereas in the inner propylitic zone they are distinctly different. These features suggest the hydrothermal fluid composition remained fairly constant in the inner part of the deposit during the potassic and intermediate argillic alteration events, but changed significantly towards the outer part affected by inner propylitic alteration. High halogen content, particularly Cl, in hydrothermal biotite may portray that copper and gold were transported in mineralizing fluids in the form of chloride complexes CuCl 2 and AuCl 2-, respectively.

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Mineral chemistry of igneous rocks in the Lar Cu-Mo prospect, southeastern part of Iran: implications for P, T, and ƒO2

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Halogen Chemistry of Hydrothermal Micas: a Possible Geochemical Tool in Vectoring to Ore for Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit

Halogen Chemistry of Hydrothermal Micas: a Possible Geochemical Tool in Vectoring to Ore for Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit

Application of GIS and remote sensing in mineral exploration: current and future perspectives

Petrography and Mineral Chemistry of Magmatic and Hydrothermal Biotite in Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits: A Tool for Understanding Mineralizing Fluid Compositional Changes During Alteration Processes

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