“…The concept of mindfulness draws from many philosophical and psychological backgrounds such as the ancient Greek philosophy and phenomenology (Ndubisi, 2014). Much of the existing mindfulness research is in the fields of psychology, sociology, and education (e.g., Capel, 2012;Demick, 2000;Langer, 1989;Langer & Moldoveanu, 2000); entrepreneurship and creativity (Reilly, Lilly, Bramwell, & Kronish, 2010;Rerup, 2005); marketing (Ndubisi, 2012(Ndubisi, , 2014Sheth, Sethia, & Srinivas, 2011); information systems and communication (Butler & Gray, 2006;Timmerman, 2002); business and interpersonal relationships (Burgoon, Berger, & Waldron, 2000;Saavedra, Chapman, & Rogge, 2010); quality and reliability (Bjurström, 2012;Ndubisi, 2012b); and strategy (Bayraktar & Ndubisi, 2014;Weick & Sutcliffe, 2006) are experiencing a growing application of the theory. The concept of mindfulness is complex.…”