Mindfulness Training and Physical Health: Mechanisms and Outcomes

Creswell, J. David; Lindsay, Emily K.; Villalba, Daniella K.; Chin, Brian

doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000675

Cited by 154 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“… 33 Several valuable models describe potential psychological and neurobiological mechanisms through which MM could exert its salutary effects. 30 , 36 – 45 …”

Section: Mindfulness and Mbismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and Behavior Change

Schuman‐Olivier

Trombka

Lovas

et al. 2020

Harv Rev Psychiatry

178

102

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Initiating and maintaining behavior change is key to the prevention and treatment of most preventable chronic medical and psychiatric illnesses. The cultivation of mindfulness, involving acceptance and nonjudgment of present-moment experience, often results in transformative health behavior change. Neural systems involved in motivation and learning have an important role to play. A theoretical model of mindfulness that integrates these mechanisms with the cognitive, emotional, and self-related processes commonly described, while applying an integrated model to health behavior change, is needed. This integrative review (1) defines mindfulness and describes the mindfulness-based intervention movement, (2) synthesizes the neuroscience of mindfulness and integrates motivation and learning mechanisms within a mindful self-regulation model for understanding the complex effects of mindfulness on behavior change, and (3) synthesizes current clinical research evaluating the effects of mindfulness-based interventions targeting health behaviors relevant to psychiatric care. The review provides insight into the limitations of current research and proposes potential mechanisms to be tested in future research and targeted in clinical practice to enhance the impact of mindfulness on behavior change.

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“… 33 Several valuable models describe potential psychological and neurobiological mechanisms through which MM could exert its salutary effects. 30 , 36 – 45 …”

Section: Mindfulness and Mbismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and Behavior Change

Schuman‐Olivier

Trombka

Lovas

et al. 2020

Harv Rev Psychiatry

178

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Body Scan/ Bodily Awareness-a subtype of distraction in form of bodily sensations-can lead to a reduction in fear-avoidance behavior and an improved perception of sensory information [44], while increasing neuronal activity and concentration of neurotransmitter [45]. Furthermore, body scans-mostly integrated in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR [46])-may support the restructuring of the brain volume and biochemical deteriorations that affect pain patients [47]. As it was shown that MBSR is powerful in increasing stress resilience [48], this association may additionally reinforce the intended pathways through the combination of exercise and distraction [49].…”

Section: Rationale Of Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of a New Practical Multidisciplinary Treatment for Low-Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Wippert

Drießlein

Beck

et al. 2019

JCM

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Low-back pain is a major health problem exacerbated by the fact that most treatments are not suitable for self-management in everyday life. Particularly, interdisciplinary programs consist of intensive therapy lasting several weeks. Additionally, therapy components are rarely coordinated regarding reinforcing effects, which would improve complaints in persons with higher pain. This study assesses the effectiveness of a self-management program, firstly for persons suffering from higher pain and secondly compared to regular routines. Study objectives were treated in a single-blind multicenter controlled trial. A total of n = 439 volunteers (age 18–65 years) were randomly assigned to a twelve-week multidisciplinary sensorimotor training (3-weeks-center- and 9-weeks-homebased) or control group. The primary outcome pain (Chronic-Pain-Grade) as well as mental health were assessed by questionnaires at baseline and follow-up (3/6/12/24 weeks, M2-M5). For statistical analysis, multiple linear regression models were used. N = 291 (age 39.7 ± 12.7 years, female = 61.1%, 77% CPG = 1) completed training (M1/M4/M5), showing a significantly stronger reduction of mental health complaints (anxiety, vital exhaustion) in people with higher than those with lower pain in multidisciplinary treatment. Compared to regular routines, the self-management–multidisciplinary treatment led to a clinically relevant reduction of pain–disability and significant mental health improvements. Low-cost exercise programs may provide enormous relief for therapeutic processes, rehabilitation aftercare, and thus, cost savings for the health system.

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“…An overarching goal of MBCT is to enable participants to relate to their own thoughts, emotions and bodily sensations with mindful awareness, and thereby break the habitual dysfunctional cycle of rumination, maladaptive emotion regulation and self-criticism that make them vulnerable for depressive relapse. There are different conceptualizations of mindfulness in the research literature, but there is general agreement that mindfulness encompasses self-regulation of attention to monitor present-moment experience, and the concurrent attitudinal qualities of acceptance, openness and non-judgment [34,35]. In mindfulness-based interventions, participants learn an alternative to elaborating on one's current state by way of negative repetitive thinking, or deficient coping by way of avoidance and passivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on risk and protective factors of depressive relapse – a randomized wait-list controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Background: The aim of this randomized wait-list controlled trial was to explore the effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on risk and protective factors for depressive relapse within the domains of cognition, emotion and self-relatedness. Methods: Sixty-eight individuals with recurrent depressive disorder were randomized to MBCT or a wait-list control condition (WLC). Results: Completers of MBCT (N = 26) improved significantly on measures assessing risk and protective factors of recurrent depression compared to WLC (N = 30) on measures of rumination (d = 0.59, p = .015), emotion regulation (d = 0.50, p = .028), emotional reactivity to stress (d = 0.32, p = .048), self-compassion (d = 1.02, p < .001), mindfulness (d = 0.59, p = .010), and depression (d = 0.40, p = .018). In the Intention To Treat sample, findings were attenuated, but there were still significant results on measures of rumination, self-compassion and depression. Conclusions: Findings from the present trial contribute to evidence that MBCT can lead to reduction in risk factors of depressive relapse, and strengthening of factors known to be protective of depressive relapse. The largest changes were found in the domain of self-relatedness, in the form of large effects on the participants' ability to be less self-judgmental and more self-compassionate.

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Mindfulness Training and Physical Health: Mechanisms and Outcomes

Cited by 154 publications

References 90 publications

Mindfulness and Behavior Change

Mindfulness and Behavior Change

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of a New Practical Multidisciplinary Treatment for Low-Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on risk and protective factors of depressive relapse – a randomized wait-list controlled trial

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