Mindfulness predicts insight in obsessive-compulsive disorder over and above OC symptoms: An experience-sampling study

Landmann, Sarah; Cludius, Barbara; Tuschen‐Caffier, Brunna; Moritz, Steffen; Külz, Anne Katrin

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103449

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…There are only a few studies that examined self‐compassion in the context of OCD. Landmann, Cludius, Tuschen‐Caffier, Moritz, and Külz (2019) found that mindfulness, one component of self‐compassion, significantly predicted insight into the unreasonableness of the threat‐related belief in patients with OCD. Moreover, an increase in mindfulness skills is associated with OCD symptom reduction (Didonna et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐compassion and emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Eichholz

Schwartz

Meule

et al. 2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Lack of self-compassion and deficits in emotion regulation are associated with various psychopathological symptoms and may play a role in the development and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, further empirical research is still needed to better understand these constructs in the context of this disorder. The present study investigated the relation between self-compassion, emotion regulation difficulties, obsessive beliefs, and obsessive-compulsive symptom severity in 90 patients with OCD using self-report questionnaires. Symptom severity and obsessive beliefs were negatively correlated to self-compassion and positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties. Additionally, self-compassion showed a negative relation to emotion regulation difficulties. Emotion regulation difficulties-but not selfcompassion-predicted symptom severity when controlling for obsessive beliefs and depression in a hierarchical regression analysis. Further analyses showed that emotion regulation deficits mediated the relationship between self-compassion and OCD symptom severity. Our results provide preliminary evidence that targeting self-compassion and putting more emphasis on emotion regulation deficits might be promising treatment approaches for patients with OCD. Future studies could investigate which specific interventions that directly address these variables improve treatment outcome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐compassion and emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Eichholz

Schwartz

Meule

et al. 2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…This reconceptualisation is based on studies and clinical observations which have found that individuals with OCD can fluctuate between having good or poor insight into their OCD over time (e.g. Abramowitz and Jacoby, 2015;Landmann et al, 2019). Recent studies have suggested that the perspective people take about their OCD is highly situation-bound.…”

Section: Top Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have suggested that the perspective people take about their OCD is highly situation-bound. Indeed, Landmann et al (2019) used a time sampling method 10 times a day over 6 days and found a substantial fluctuation in insight over time among individuals with OCD. Some authors describe how individuals may be open to questioning or even perhaps rejecting their beliefs about their obsessions and compulsions when in a safe environment, but when faced with triggers they become convinced of the 'truth' of their intrusive thoughts and the need for their safety-seeking behaviours (O'Dwyer and Marks, 2000).…”

Section: Top Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding why people with OCD do what they do, and why other people get involved: supporting people with OCD and loved ones to move from safety-seeking behaviours to approach-supporting behaviours

Philpot,

Thwaites,

Freeston

2022

tCBT

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The distress inherent in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) can often lead to partners, family members and friends becoming entangled with the OCD in terms of being drawn into performing certain behaviours to try and reduce the distress of their loved one. In the past this has often been referred to somewhat pejoratively as collusion, or more neutrally as accommodation. In this paper we emphasise that this is usually a natural human response to seeing a loved one in distress and wanting to help. This paper provides detailed clinical guidance on how to understand this involvement and how to include others in the treatment of OCD along with practical tips and hints around potential blocks that may require troubleshooting. It also details the relatively recently introduced concept of approach-supporting behaviours, and provides guidance on how to distinguish these from safety-seeking behaviours. The ‘special case’ of reassurance seeking is also discussed. Key learning aims (1) To illustrate the importance of understanding the person’s OCD beliefs ‘from the inside’ including the internal logic that leads to specific behaviours. (2) To understand the ways that key individuals in the lives of people with OCD can become entangled with the OCD (through the best of intentions) and to provide practical clinical guidance for CBT therapists around how to engage and work with these individuals in the lives of people with OCD. (3) To explain and delineate the idea of approach-supporting behaviours, distinguishing these from safety-seeking behaviours. (4) To distinguish the interpersonal component of reassurance from the neutralisation component and provide guidance on how we can help family members to replace reassurance with something that is equally or more supportive whilst not maintaining the OCD.

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“…In patients with OCD undergoing CBT treatment, non-reactivity has been found to predict symptom reduction (Hawley et al, 2017). An experience sampling study also found that non-reactivity predicted insight about intrusive thoughts in people with OCD (Landmann et al, 2019). Mindfulness practice could therefore be a suitable option for managing symptoms and intrusive thoughts in OCD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mindfulness interventions for obsessive–compulsive and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Pseftogianni¹,

Panagioti²,

Birtwell³

et al. 2023

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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Mindfulness interventions (MIs) emphasize living in the present moment without being judgmental of one's feelings and sensations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MIs, including both mindfulness-based and mindfulness-informed interventions, in reducing overall obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) severity and comorbid depression at post-treatment and in the long-term. The potential contribution of methodological variables moderating the effectiveness of MIs was examined. Five databases (Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials) were searched until May 2022. The pooled standardized mean difference was calculated using random effect models. Twenty-six studies with 1,281 participants were included. We found moderate to large reductions in overall OCRDs severity in favor of MIs at post-treatment (SMD ranging between −0.62 and −1.52, 95% CI: −2.02 to −0.22). MIs were associated with small reductions of depression in people with OCD (SMD = −0.30 and −0.52, 95% CI: −0.68 to −0.09) and obsessions (SMD = −0.32, 95% CI: −0.65 to −0.01) at post-treatment but these effects were not sustained at follow-up. Meta-regression analyses showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) appeared to be effective in treating OCD and/or depressive symptoms in these patients. Lower income countries contributed larger effect sizes. Our findings provide first evidence of the effectiveness of MIs in reducing OCRDs severity which require further exploration from high quality RCT studies with embedded qualitative research. Public Health Significance StatementExposure-based psychological interventions are the gold standard for treating obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. However, dropout rates remain one of their biggest limitations. This meta-analytic review showed that mindfulness interventions, which can be both acceptable and have low attrition rates, can be effective in treating these disorders.

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Mindfulness predicts insight in obsessive-compulsive disorder over and above OC symptoms: An experience-sampling study

Cited by 12 publications

References 75 publications

Self‐compassion and emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Self‐compassion and emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Understanding why people with OCD do what they do, and why other people get involved: supporting people with OCD and loved ones to move from safety-seeking behaviours to approach-supporting behaviours

Mindfulness interventions for obsessive–compulsive and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

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