Mindfulness Moderates the Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Cyber Aggression Among Emerging Adults with Early Left-Behind Experience: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Purpose Although the risk effect of perceived discrimination on left-behind youth’s mental health (mainly emotional problems) has been demonstrated in prior studies, there is a lack of longitudinal studies examining the effect of perceived discrimination on behavioral problems, particularly in emerging adults with early left-behind experience. In addition, little is known about individual differences in terms of this association. In the present study, we draw on the social information processing model of aggression to examine the effect of perceived discrimination and mindfulness on cyber aggression. Methods We used two-wave longitudinal panel data involving 535 emerging adults with early left-behind experience in rural China (M age = 19.89 years; SD = 1.20; 57.2% female). To test the moderating role of mindfulness, hierarchical multiple regression and simple slope test analyses were performed. Results The results of linear regression analysis demonstrated that higher levels of perceived discrimination at T1 were significantly associated with higher cyber aggression at T2; the strength of this association was buffered by mindfulness over time. Conclusion These findings suggest that the facilitation of mindfulness training may be an effective strategy for reducing the risk of perceived discrimination leading to cyber aggression in emerging adults with early left-behind experience.

Impact of challenge and hindrance job stressors on informal safety communication of construction workers in China: the moderating role of co-worker relationship

“…Moreover, simple slope test was used to test the moderating effects of the boundary conditions, as suggested by Preacher et al . (2006) and Wang et al . (2022).…”

“…Building upon the work of Wallace et al (2009) and Wang et al (2022), this study utilizes the hierarchical multiple regression analysis approach to test the theoretical hypotheses.…”

“…Gender, age, trade, personal traits, experience, and weekly working hours were input into the model as control variables to exclude, as far as possible, the possibility of their influence on the perceptions and behaviors of construction workers (Lee, 2022). Moreover, simple slope test was used to test the moderating effects of the boundary conditions, as suggested by Preacher et al (2006) and Wang et al (2022). Considering that both the stressor level and the co-worker relationship level are derived from internal perceptions, a questionnaire survey that can facilitate the collection of information regarding individuals' perceptions is required (Newaz et al, 2019).…”

Do African American adolescents internalize direct online discrimination? Moderating effects of vicarious online discrimination, parental technological attitudes, and racial identity centrality

“…On the other hand, adolescents may have more opportunities to select and enter online spaces with people with similar backgrounds or beliefs ( Keum and Miller, 2018 ). Due to these unique features and an increase in cyber-bullying and identity-based violence online in recent years, adolescents may intentionally and unintentionally perceive online discrimination in various forms more frequently ( Smith, 2005 ; Barker and Jurasz, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2022 ). There has been emerging evidence on the negative effects of online discrimination on adolescents’ mental health outcomes ( Tynes et al, 2016 , 2020 ).…”