Mindfulness based stress reduction provides psychological benefit and restores immune function of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: A randomized trial with active control

Janusek, Linda Witek; Tell, Dina; Mathews, Herbert L.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.012

Cited by 101 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…MBSR has been found to be significantly efficient in the reduction of psychological distress for patients with breast cancer (Janusek, Tell, & Mathews, 2019;Lengacher et al, 2019); patients with vascular diseases (Abbott et al, 2014); veterans (Serpa, Taylor, & Tillisch, 2014); incarcerated people (Byrne, 2017); university students in general (Regehr, Glancy, & Pitts, 2013); healthcare students, such as medical students, and nursing students (McConville, McAleer, & Hahne, 2017); school children and teachers (Weare, 2013); and also for workplace (Heckenberg, Hale, Kent, & Wright, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review

Ghawadra

Abdullah

Choo

et al. 2019

Journal of Clinical Nursing

114

107

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Aims and objectives To explore the studies that used interventions based on the Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for decreasing psychological distress among nurses. Background Because of the demanding nature of their work, nurses often have significantly high levels of stress, anxiety and depression. MBSR has been reported to be an effective intervention to decrease psychological distress. Design Systematic review. Methods The databases included were Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCO host, Springer Link and Web of Science from 2002 to 2018. Interventional studies published in English that used MBSR among nurses to reduce their psychological distress were retrieved for review. The PRISMA guideline was used in this systematic review. The included studies were assessed for quality using “The Quality Assessment Tool For Quantitative Studies (QATFQS).” Results Nine studies were found to be eligible and included in this review. Many benefits, including reduced stress, anxiety, depression, burnout and better job satisfaction, were reported in these studies. Conclusion The adapted/brief versions of MBSR seem promising for reducing psychological distress in nurses. Future research should include randomised controlled trials with a larger sample size and follow‐up studies. There should also be a focus on creative and effective ways of delivering MBSR to nurses. Relevance to clinical practice The results of this review are substantial for supporting the use of MBSR for nurses’ psychological well‐being.

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confidence: 99%

Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review

Ghawadra

Abdullah

Choo

et al. 2019

Journal of Clinical Nursing

114

107

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“…Null findings or a lack of replicated effects were found for antibodies, interleukins IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and various measures of immune cell proportion and functionality. Studies performed by Linda Witek-Janusek and colleagues demonstrated that women recently diagnosed with breast cancer had reductions in peripheral blood NK cell activity and IFN-g production, accompanied by increased IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 29,30 . Interestingly, following mindfulness-based stress reduction cortisol levels were reduced and normal NK cell function re-established.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immune dysregulation among students exposed to exam stress and its mitigation by mindfulness training: findings from an exploratory randomised trial

Turner

Galante

Vainre

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Psychological distress persisting for weeks or more promotes pro-inflammatory immune dysregulation, a risk factor for a range of chronic diseases. We have recently shown that mindfulness training reduces distress among university students. Here we present an exploratory trial to study immune dysregulation in a cohort of students who were exposed to progressively greater stress as the exam period approached, and to explore whether mindfulness training mitigated this dysregulation. Healthy University of Cambridge students were randomised to join an 8-week mindfulness course (N = 27), or to mental health support as usual (N = 27). Psychological distress, immune cell proportions, cytokines, cRp and serum cortisol were measured at baseline and during the exam period. increased distress was associated with statistically significant increases in the proportion of B cells, regardless of trial arm (*p = 0.027). There were no other associations between any of the measured parameters, distress or mindfulness. Our finding that the proportion of B cells increases with psychological distress supports the findings of other studies. However, we found no evidence that mindfulness training is able to buffer the effects of psychological distress on healthy participants' immune system. In order to detect these effects, should they exist, larger randomised trials will be required. The human mind, brain and immune systems have much in common. They are complex, self-organising economies that recognise self from non-self, interact with the environment and possess ability to store information. The immune system alone is a highly distributed network of effectors, regulators and signals, which depend on dynamic balances to determine the best configuration for each environmental challenge. Prolonged systemic inflammation leads to increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia and depression 1 , the most important global causes of morbidity and mortality. Thus, interventions that restore or maintain normal immune function in healthy and at risk populations are useful in preventing a range of mental and physical disorders 2,3. Even small improvements at a population level could lead to large reductions in morbidity and mortality 4. The immune, endocrine and nervous systems are known to interact with one another to provide a coordinated response to external stimuli, whether it be a physical insult such as wounding or an emotional stressor such as perceived stress (reviewed in Glaser et al.) 5. Acute stress promotes a pro-inflammatory state along with the "fight

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“…So far, several studies have shown that certain facets of mindfulness and self-compassion are more strongly associated with health outcomes than others (Bränström et al 2011;Cash and Whittingham 2010;Christopher et al 2012;Garland et al 2013a;Körner et al 2015;Pinto-Gouveia et al 2014;Sirois and Rowse 2016). Evidence from intervention research is mixed regarding which facets are cultivated and most strongly related to improved outcomes (Bränström et al 2010;Takahashi et al 2019;Witek-Janusek et al 2019). Distinguishing the positive and negative facets of mindfulness and self-compassion may show whether improved outcomes are better explained by decreasing negative behaviors (e.g., self-criticism, functioning on automatic pilot) and/or increasing positive behaviors (e.g., acceptance, self-kindness, observing internal/external stimuli) and whether this depends on the type of population and outcome that is targeted by the intervention (e.g., increasing positive affect or reducing depression) (Muris and Petrocchi 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of mindfulness and self-compassion in depressive symptoms and affect: A Comparison between Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls

et al. 2020

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Objectives Mindfulness and self-compassion are related to psychological well-being and can be regarded as personal resources. It is, however, unclear whether these resources are always beneficial (direct effect) or only in stressful circumstances (buffer effect). We therefore examined whether mindfulness and self-compassion are equally or more strongly related to depressive symptoms and affect in cancer patients, compared to healthy controls. Methods Using a case-control design, 245 cancer patients were matched to 245 healthy controls (without chronic somatic comorbidities). Both groups filled out questionnaires concerning mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire), selfcompassion (Self-Compassion Scale), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and affect (Positive and Negative Affect Scale). Using correlation and regression analyses, we examined within both groups the associations for mindfulness (i.e., total score and five facets) and self-compassion (i.e., total score, two factors and six facets) with depressive symptoms and affect. Results Mindfulness and self-compassion were equally strongly related to depressive symptoms and affect in cancer patients versus healthy controls. Mindfulness facets Act with awareness and Non-judgment were strongly related to depressive symptoms, negative affect, and the negative self-compassion factor. In contrast, mindfulness facets Describe and Observe were strongly related to positive affect and the positive self-compassion factor. When distinguishing the six self-compassion facets, Isolation and Mindfulness were strongly related to depressive symptoms, Over-identification to negative affect, and Mindfulness to positive affect. Conclusions Results suggest that mindfulness and self-compassion are basic human personal resources associated with psychological functioning, regardless of the presence or absence of stressful life experiences.

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Mindfulness based stress reduction provides psychological benefit and restores immune function of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: A randomized trial with active control

Cited by 101 publications

References 105 publications

Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review

Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review

Immune dysregulation among students exposed to exam stress and its mitigation by mindfulness training: findings from an exploratory randomised trial

The role of mindfulness and self-compassion in depressive symptoms and affect: A Comparison between Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls

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