Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Improves Cognitive Functioning and Flexibility Among Individuals with Elevated Depressive Symptoms

Shapero, Benjamin G.; Greenberg, Jonathan; Mischoulon, David; Pedrelli, Paola; Meade, Kathryn; Lazar, Sara W.

doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0889-0

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…MBCT has been shown to reduce overgeneral autobiographical memory (55, 69, 70), improve attention deployment and maintenance during sad mood (71) and reduce attentional-bias towards negative emotional stimuli (72), although such attentional improvements are not ubiquitous (42, 48, 73). MBCT has additionally been shown to augment suppression of currently-irrelevant mental sets (74) and promote both cognitive flexibility and overall cognitive functioning (75), benefits which correlate with a reduction in depressive symptomology. Studies examining other MBIs with healthy participants similarly indicated improvements in cognitive abilities such as working memory (76–77), cognitive flexibility (78–79) and inhibition (80), with very limited evidence regarding attentional improvements (see (73) for a review).…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through repeated meditation practices MBIs develop body awareness, self-regulation, and emotion regulation skills (81–86). The non-judgmental stance conveyed across MBIs allows participants to recover from one’s emotional state more quickly and increases the flexibility through which one can respond to stressful events (75). Finally, numerous other transdiagnostic mechanisms models include self-transcendence, exposure, relaxation, non-attachment, ethical practice, and clarification of values (81–86).…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Shapero

Greenberg

Pedrelli

et al. 2018

FOC

Self Cite

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mindfulness meditation has a longstanding history in eastern practices that has received considerable public interest in recent decades. Indeed, the science, practice, and implementation of Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) have dramatically increased in recent years. At its base, mindfulness is a natural human state in which an individual experiences and attends to the present moment. Interventions have been developed to train individuals how to incorporate this practice into daily life. The current article will discuss the concept of mindfulness and describe its implementation in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. We further identify for whom MBIs have been shown to be efficacious and provide an up-to-date summary of how these interventions work. This includes research support for the cognitive, psychological, and neural mechanisms that lead to psychiatric improvements. This review provides a basis for incorporating these interventions into treatment.

show abstract

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Shapero

Greenberg

Pedrelli

et al. 2018

FOC

Self Cite

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such programs are receiving increasing attention in modalities of potential treatment for a variety of psychosocial problems (Baer, 2006). These problems include chronic pain (Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, & Burney, 1987;Zeidan, Gordon, Merchant, & Goolkasian, 2010), relief of physical symptoms associated with stress (Smith et al, 2011), depression (Shapero et al, 2008), and anxiety (Kabat-Zinn et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a brief mindfulness-based intervention on emotional regulation and levels of mindfulness in senior students

Chiodelli

Mello

Jesus

et al. 2018

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mindfulness-based interventions have been applied in diverse populations and achieved mental health benefits. This study examined the effects of a brief mindfulness program for emotional regulation and levels of mindfulness on senior students in Brazil. The intervention consisted of six weekly meetings attended by 30 participants. It is a pre-experimental research, with pre-and post-test comparative and correlation measurements. The preliminary results, which relied on parametrical and non-parametrical tests, revealed a reduction in total emotional regulation difficulties (p = 0.0001; r = − 0.55). Also, there was an increase in the levels of mindfulness in the subtests for both dimensions under evaluation: "Awareness" (p = 0.0001; d = 0.77) and "Acceptance" (p = 0.048; d = 0.37). By associating the amount of meditative practices performed by students with the variables, a significant positive correlation was found with the mindfulness dimension "Awareness" (r P = 0.422; p = 0.020), and there was a significant negative correlation with Difficulties in emotion regulation (r S = − 0.478; p = 0.008) and with its respective subscales "Nonacceptance" (r S = − 0.654; p = 0.0001) and "Clarity" (r S = − 0.463; p = 0.010). In conclusion, the application of a brief mindfulness-based intervention is promising in Brazilian university contexts; moreover, it can bring benefits to students, e.g., an increase in emotion regulation as well as in levels of mindfulness. We suggest that further research should use an experimental design and follow-up.

show abstract

“…First, we utilized G * power 3.1 (Faul et al, 2007) to compute the required sample size. Based on a previous study (Shapero et al, 2018), we considered a between-group effect size (η 2 ) of 0.24 regarding the mindfulness training effect on cognitive flexibility. To obtain power of 0.8 with two measurement points, the total sample size of 50 would be sufficient to detect a significant Group × Time interactions by repeated-measure ANOVAs at p < 0.05.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, only one study has shown that MBI improves self-report cognitive flexibility. Shapero et al (2018) found that for depressed individuals, participants receiving MBCT training reported higher levels of cognitive flexibility than a waitlist group. In sum, mindfulness is positively associated with cognitive flexibility and both of them are associated with lower emotional distress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Mediating Role of Non-reactivity to Mindfulness Training and Cognitive Flexibility: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zou

Hofmann

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mindfulness training has been shown to have a beneficial effect on cognitive flexibility. However, little is known about the mediators that produce this effect. Cross-sectional studies show that there might be a link between Non-judgment, Non-reactivity and cognitive flexibility. Longitudinal studies examining whether Non-judgment or Nonreactivity mediate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on improving cognitive flexibility are lacking. The present study aims to test the effect of mindfulness training on increasing cognitive flexibility and to test whether this effect is mediated by Nonjudgment or Non-reactivity. We conducted a single-blind randomized controlled trial in 54 nonclinical high-stress participants between October 2018 and January 2019. Participants were randomly assigned to a Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) group or a waitlist control group. The experimenters were blind to the group assignment of participants. The MBSR group received 8-weekly sessions (2.5-h per week) and a one-day retreat (6-h), and was required to accomplish a 45-min daily formal practice during the intervention. The waitlist control group did not receive any intervention during the waiting period and received a 2-day (6-h per day) mindfulness training after the post-intervention. The primary outcome was self-report cognitive flexibility and perceived stress administered before and after MBSR. The secondary outcome was self-report mindfulness skills (including Non-reactivity and Non-judgment) measured at pre-treatment, Week 3, Week 6, and post-intervention. For cognitive flexibility, mixedmodel repeated-measure ANOVA results showed that there were significant main effects of Time, Group and a significant interaction of Time by Group. Follow-up ANOVA indicated that the MBSR group was associated with greater improvements in cognitive flexibility than the waitlist. Path analysis results showed that the effect of the treatment on cognitive flexibility at post-treatment was fully mediated by Non-reactivity at Week 6. The mediation effects of Non-reactivity at Week 3, and Non-judgment at Week 3 and Week 6 were not significant. Our findings support the efficacy of MBSR on improving cognitive flexibility. Non-reactivity is an important element of the effectiveness of MBSR training on cognitive flexibility.

show abstract

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Improves Cognitive Functioning and Flexibility Among Individuals with Elevated Depressive Symptoms

Cited by 21 publications

References 64 publications

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Effects of a brief mindfulness-based intervention on emotional regulation and levels of mindfulness in senior students

The Mediating Role of Non-reactivity to Mindfulness Training and Cognitive Flexibility: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About