Mindfulness and Coping with Dysphoric Mood: Contrasts with Rumination and Distraction

Broderick, Patricia C.

doi:10.1007/s10608-005-3888-0

Cited by 287 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The attenuating effects of mindfulness on subjective emotional intensity observed in the present study are consistent with the view that mindfulness-based strategies promote emotional stability and constitute an efficient means of emotional self-regulation (Arch and Craske, 2006;Broderick, 2005). Indeed, the present findings suggest that mindful awareness fosters a more adaptive, relaxed, and objective manner of responding to emotional situations as opposed to habitual, automatic, and conditioned reaction patterns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Focused-breathing typically practiced during mindfulness has been shown to promote emotional self-regulation by reducing reactivity to emotionally laden pictures (positive and negative) (Arch and Craske, 2006). Mindfulness meditation practiced following a sad mood induction was also shown to decrease dysphoric mood states (Broderick, 2005). Additionally, Brefczynski-Lewis et al (2007) found a negative correlation between the number of hours of meditation training and NeuroImage 57 (2011NeuroImage 57 ( ) 1524NeuroImage 57 ( -1533 right amygdala activation during concentration meditation in a group of experienced meditators while processing negative emotional sounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators

et al. 2011

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There is mounting evidence that mindfulness meditation is beneficial for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, yet little is known regarding the neural mechanisms through which mindfulness modulates emotional responses. Thus, a central objective of this functional magnetic resonance imaging study was to investigate the effects of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotionally laden stimuli. Another major goal of this study was to examine the impact of the extent of mindfulness training on the brain mechanisms supporting the processing of emotional stimuli. Twelve experienced (with over 1000 h of practice) and 10 beginner meditators were scanned as they viewed negative, positive, and neutral pictures in a mindful state and a non-mindful state of awareness. Results indicated that the Mindful condition attenuated emotional intensity perceived from pictures, while brain imaging data suggested that this effect was achieved through distinct neural mechanisms for each group of participants. For experienced meditators compared with beginners, mindfulness induced a deactivation of default mode network areas (medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices) across all valence categories and did not influence responses in brain regions involved in emotional reactivity during emotional processing. On the other hand, for beginners relative to experienced meditators, mindfulness induced a down-regulation of the left amygdala during emotional processing. These findings suggest that the long-term practice of mindfulness leads to emotional stability by promoting acceptance of emotional states and enhanced present-moment awareness, rather than by eliciting control over low-level affective cerebral systems from higher-order cortical brain regions. These results have implications for affect-related psychological disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators

et al. 2011

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“…These findings further bolster the idea that impermanence focus plays a causal role in decreasing stress reactivity. They are also broadly consistent with research demonstrating that mindfulness training-a component of which involves learning to perceive thoughts and feelings as transitory events in the mindreduces emotional reactivity to negative events (e.g., Britton, Shahar, Szepsenwol, & Jacobs, 2012;Broderick, 2005). However, the present research is the first to suggest that placing negative events into a more distant time perspective may heighten awareness of their impermanence in a manner similar to adopting a mindful, present-oriented focus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

This too shall pass: Temporal distance and the regulation of emotional distress.

Bruehlman-Senecal¹,

Ayduk²

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Professor Ozlem N Ayduk, Chair Does the time perspective people adopt when reflecting on stressful events influence how they respond emotionally to these events? If so, through what cognitive pathway(s) does it have this effect? Part 1 of my dissertation examined these questions in a series of seven studies. Studies 1a, 1b, and 2 tested the hypothesis that adopting a distant-future perspective on recent stressors (relative to a near-future or control perspective) reduces emotional distress, examining four potential mediators of this effect. Study 3 built upon the prior studies by investigating whether their findings apply to a new domain and affect longer-term outcomes. Studies 4-6 centered on a key cognitive mechanism that helped to account for the distress-reducing properties of temporal distancing across our first three studies-impermanence focus. Studies 4 and 5 examined whether individual differences in impermanence focus predicted emotional reactions to negative events in a manner similar to adopting a distant-future perspective. Study 6 manipulated impermanence focus to test whether it affected emotional reactions to stressors in a manner parallel to adopting a distant-future perspective.Part 2 of my dissertation examined boundary conditions of the buffering effects of temporal distancing-exploring conditions under which temporal distancing might amplify rather than reduce emotional distress. However, very few moderators of the link between temporal distancing and reduced distress were found, and those that were identified were weak. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that temporal distancing plays an important role in emotional coping with negative events, and that it does so by directing individuals' attention to the impermanent aspects of these events. Moreover, temporal distancing appears to be a strategy that effectively reduces the distress associated with a wide variety of stressors, for a broad range of individuals.i Acknowledgements

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“…However, the causal direction of this relation is uncertain in these studies. While a broad-based disposition (mindfulness) is more likely to influence a specific behavioral tendency (gambling) than the converse, experimental research is warranted, possibly using mindfulness induction (e.g., Broderick, 2005). Finally, the risk-taking tasks we employed did not offer wagers for real money, and differed from real gambling in other ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispositional mindfulness as a predictor of the severity of gambling outcomes

Lakey¹,

Campbell²,

Brown³

et al. 2007

Personality and Individual Differences

164

106

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Two studies were conducted to test and explain the relation of mindfulness to the severity of gambling outcomes among frequent gamblers. In both studies, dispositional mindfulness related to less severe gambling outcomes as measured by a DSM-IV-based screen for pathological gambling, even after controlling for gambling frequency and dispositional self-control. Study 2 extended this finding in showing that the association between mindfulness and lower pathological gambling was partially mediated by better performance on two risk-taking tasks that capture overconfidence, risky bet acceptance, and myopic focus on reward. These studies suggest a role for mindfulness in lessening the severity of gambling problems and making adaptive decisions, especially in risk-relevant contexts. Keywords MINDFULNESS; OVERCONFIDENCE; RISK-TAKING; GAMBLING; DECISION-MAKINGMany individuals take harmless pleasure in the risk-taking of gambling, owing to the feelings of excitement, entertainment, and challenge it affords (Neighbors & Larimer, 2004). For others, a heightened susceptibility to judgment and decision-making biases, such as intemperate riskwillingness, can lead to gambling-related problems, typified by pathological gambling (PG). PG is a clinical disorder characterized by symptoms such as preoccupation with gambling, the perceived need to gamble with increasing amounts of money to achieve the desired excitement, restlessness or irritability when attempting to reduce gambling, and "chasing" losses. Its classification as an impulse-control disorder depicts the integral role self-control plays in the development of PG, although it is widely noted to possess salient similarities to addictive disorders. With the range of deleterious consequences that accompany PG, and the recent expansion of opportunities for individuals to gamble (e.g., internet gambling sites), there is concern over the potential increase in the incidence of this disorder (Petry, 2005). Accordingly, © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Address correspondence to Chad E. Lakey, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,; Email:celakey@uga.edu.. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. it is important to understand specific variables that could facilitate adaptive decision-making and thereby avert severe gambling outcomes. In this research, we propose that a dispositional quality of consciousness called mindfulness might inhibit gambling-related problems and the biased judgment and decision-making processes that support them. NIH Public AccessMindfulness has been defined as a conscious a...

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Mindfulness and Coping with Dysphoric Mood: Contrasts with Rumination and Distraction

Cited by 287 publications

References 30 publications

Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators

Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators

This too shall pass: Temporal distance and the regulation of emotional distress.

Dispositional mindfulness as a predictor of the severity of gambling outcomes

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