Mindfulness among lebanese university students and its indirect effect between mental health and wellbeing

Abstract

Background University students are a high-risk population for developing mental health issues. Mindfulness, the non-judgmental awareness of the present moment, has an effective role in numerous psychological contexts among students. However, no previous studies have investigated the association between mindfulness, mental health and wellbeing among Lebanese university students. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the mediating effect of mindfulness in the association between mental health and wellbeing in this population. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 363 Lebanese university students recruited through convenience sampling (July-September 2021). The Wellbeing Index Scale, Lebanese Anxiety Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire and Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory were used to assess subjective well-being, anxiety, depression and mindfulness respectively. Results Our findings showed that higher mindfulness (Beta = 0.18; p < 0.001) was significantly correlated with a higher wellbeing, whereas more depression (Beta=-0.36; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with a lower wellbeing. The results of the indirect effect analysis showed that mindfulness mediated the association between anxiety and wellbeing and between depression and wellbeing. Higher anxiety/depression were significantly associated with lower mindfulness and a lower wellbeing (direct effect). Moreover, higher mindfulness was significantly associated with a higher wellbeing. Conclusion Mindfulness is associated with improved wellbeing and plays an indirect role between mental health issues and wellbeing. Our results suggest that mindfulness presents an adaptive approach and coping method associated with improved students’ wellbeing.

The Relationship among Internet Addiction, Moral Potency, Mindfulness, and Psychological Capital

“…In this study, the total MI and PsyCap targeting all students’ MP mediated the relationship between IA and MP. The multiple mediator models in psychological studies serve as the theoretical basis for various intervention and association studies [ 8 , 15 , 51 , 65 ].…”

“…MI, defined as the practice of being fully present and engaged in the present moment without judgment [ 25 ], has been extensively studied for its numerous benefits. These include reducing depression and promoting well-being [ 15 ], buffering against IA [ 11 ], improving job performance and reducing turnover intention [ 26 ], enhancing the concept of self and reducing stress levels, and fostering moral cognition [ 27 ].…”

“…The aim of PsyCap is to enhance individuals’ capacity to cope, adapt, and thrive in the face of difficulties [ 17 ]. In contrast, MI refers to the practice of being present and fully engaged in the current moment, without judgment or distraction [ 15 ]. MI involves cultivating awareness and acceptance of one’s thoughts, feelings, and sensations as they arise, without getting caught up in them.…”

“…The specific components of MI include acting with awareness, describing, observing, non-judging, and non-reactivity. While both PsyCap and MI originate from positive psychology, PsyCap emphasizes positive psychological resources as protective factors, whereas MI focuses on cultivating a state of present-moment awareness and non-judgment [ 15 , 17 ]. By highlighting these conceptual differences, we aim to clarify how PsyCap and MI contribute to the overall model and provide distinct pathways for understanding and addressing internet problematic use and play a mediating role between IA and MP.…”

“…A theory of behavior research setting has also shown the interdependence between behavior and thought, emphasizing the cultural nature of the ecology of human psychology [ 14 ]. Moreover, researchers [ 15 ] investigated the relationship between IA, mindfulness, and mental health outcomes, highlighting the inverse association between IA and mindfulness, as well as the positive impact of mindfulness on mental health.…”