Mindfulness

Malinowski, Peter

doi:10.1002/9781119132363.ch14

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This means that standard 8-week high-intensity programmes such as MBSR or MBCT may not be well suited for a sustained approach. Different, less prescriptive approaches delivered by highly experienced mindfulness meditation teachers with the capability to operate outside of these standard programmes may be required (Malinowski 2017). It also means that research programmes with a long-term perspective are required to answer questions about cognitive reserve capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may thus not be superior to established treatment approaches but rather offer a valuable alternative. Furthermore, the question whether mindfulness meditation is the central active component within these multi-component programmes has not been rigorously addressed (Malinowski 2017;Malinowski et al 2017). A recent study on depressive relapse prevention suggests that this may not necessarily be the case: as a general approach for depressive relapse prevention MBCT was found to be not more effective than the same programme but without the mindfulness meditation component (Williams et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meditation and Cognitive Ageing: the Role of Mindfulness Meditation in Building Cognitive Reserve

Malinowski

Shalamanova

2017

J Cogn Enhanc

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Mindfulness-related meditation practices engage various cognitive skills including the ability to focus and sustain attention, which in itself requires several interacting attentional subfunctions. There is increasing behavioural and neuroscientific evidence that mindfulness meditation improves these functions and associated neural processes. More so than other cognitive training programmes, the effects of meditation appear to generalise to other cognitive tasks, thus demonstrating far transfer effects. As these attentional functions have been linked to age-related cognitive decline, there is growing interest in the question whether meditation can slowdown or even prevent such decline. The cognitive reserve hypothesis builds on evidence that various lifestyle factors can lead to better cognitive performance in older age than would be predicted by the existing degree of brain pathology. We argue that mindfulness meditation, as a combination of brain network and brain state training, may increase cognitive reserve capacity and may mitigate age-related declines in cognitive functions. We consider available direct and indirect evidence from the perspective of cognitive reserve theory. The limited available evidence suggests that MM may enhance cognitive reserve capacity directly through the repeated activation of attentional functions and of the multiple demand system and indirectly through the improvement of physiological mechanisms associated with stress and immune function. The article concludes with outlining research strategies for addressing underlying empirical questions in more substantial ways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meditation and Cognitive Ageing: the Role of Mindfulness Meditation in Building Cognitive Reserve

Malinowski

Shalamanova

2017

J Cogn Enhanc

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“…Mindfulness meditation facilitates acceptance and tolerance of negative emotions [33]. Mindfulness-based interventions comprise educational advice and mindfulness meditation training, the latter adapted for a Western secular context from Eastern traditions of meditative contemplation, most notably, Buddhism [34]. Mindfulness can be described as a state of purposeful attention towards momentary experience holding an open, accepting and non-judging attitude [33,35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that the decentering quality of focused attention is a key mechanism by which reactivity to emotionally aversive and rewarding stimuli is reduced [43]. However, it is yet unclear which aspect of MBSR programmes, meditation or psychological education or their combination, account for beneficial effects [34].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-based emotional eating awareness training: taking the emotional out of eating

Lattimore

2019

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose Emotional eating is important to study and address because it predicts poor outcome in weight loss interventions. Interventions have only touched the surface in terms of addressing emotional eating. Mindfulness approaches can address emotional eating by modification of emotion regulation and appetitive traits. The current study involved development of an emotional eating-specific mindfulness intervention and assessment of its effect on appetitive traits associated with emotional eating. Methods Participants (n = 14; age M = 29 years; 90% female) completed baseline and end-of-intervention self-report measures of emotional eating, food-cue reactivity, mindfulness, intuitive eating, emotional impulse regulation, stress, and a behavioural measure of inhibitory control. During the 6-week intervention, mindfulness meditation skills were taught weekly embedded in a psycho-educational curriculum about emotional eating. Results Paired t tests, controlled for type 1 error, revealed significant improvements in food-cue reactivity, intuitive eating, emotional impulse regulation, inhibitory control and stress (ps < 0.05; d: 0.58-1.54). Changes in emotional eating approached significance (p = 0.075, d = 0.66). Conclusion The intervention purposefully did not focus on weight loss and recruited participants who had self-declared difficulties with emotional eating. The positive outcomes suggest that intervening with mindfulness training before weight loss is attempted has the potential to change psychological factors that underpin overeating and undermine weight loss efforts.The study provides proof of principle as a basis to design a randomized control trial to assess rigorously the effectiveness of the intervention as a precursor to a weight loss intervention. Level of evidence Level IV, uncontrolled trial.

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“…I found it liberating that only one chapter was dedicated to this topic, counteracting an often lopsided presence within psychology and the public alike. Mindfulness as a treatment approach is only one way of using meditation (under well-defined conditions; see Malinowski, 2017), but it is not the primary purpose of meditation and has very little history and experience to build on.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%