Mindful Parenting Assessed in Mainland China: Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale

Mindful Parenting and Parenting Practices in Chinese Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Furthermore, in contrast with those findings derived from Western culture (McKee et al 2007;Mulhern and Passman 1981;Straus and Stewart 1999), we did not find any differences between fathers and mothers in negative parenting practices. We also did not find any differences between fathers and mothers in mindful parenting behavior, which was not consistent with most previous studies that have found that mothers exhibit higher levels of mindful parenting than fathers in Western countries (e.g., Moreira and Canavarro 2015;Pan et al 2019;Parent et al 2015). However, preliminary research on mindful parenting behaviors of Chinese parents demonstrated that no gender discrepancy existed (e.g., Han et al 2019;Lo et al 2018).…”

The Impact of Child Autistic Symptoms on Parental Marital Relationship: Parenting and Coparenting Processes as Mediating Mechanisms

“…The ratings were averaged, with higher scores representing higher levels of parenting stress. This measure had been used to indicate parenting stress among parents [Pan, Liang, Zhou, & Wang, 2019]. In previous studies, its validity was supported by its significant correlations with theoretically related constructs, and its reliability was evinced by its high internal consistency [Pan et al, 2019].…”

Does Mothers’ Self-Reported Mindful Parenting Relate to the Observed Quality of Parenting Behavior and Mother-Child Interaction?

“…Based on this model, the interpersonal mindfulness in parenting (IM-P) scale was developed (Duncan 2007 ). In several countries, studies on psychometric properties of the IM-P were carried out (De Bruin et al 2014 ; Kim et al 2019 ; Lo et al 2018 , Moreira and Canavarro 2017 ; Pan et al 2019 ). On the basis of a factor analysis performed in a Dutch study including mothers of adolescents from the general community, a 29-item and six-factor structure of the IM-P was proposed, with the following subscales: (1) Listening with Full Attention, (2) Compassion for the Child, (3) Non-judgmental Acceptance of Parental Functioning, (4) Emotional Non-reactivity in Parenting, (5) Emotional Awareness of the Child, and (6) Emotional Awareness of Self (De Bruin et al 2014 ).…”

“…Subsequently, studies on the psychometric properties of the IM-P were carried out in general community samples of mothers and fathers in Portugal (Moreira and Canavarro 2017 ), Hong Kong (Lo et al 2018 ), mainland China (Pan et al 2019 ), and Korea (Kim et al 2019 ). The age ranges of the children whose parents were included varied (one to 18-years old, two to 19 years old, four to 28 years old, and one to 18-years old, respectively), but no study examined parents of infants.…”

“…The four studies showed positive correlations between the IM-P total scale and mindfulness and parental mental health measures. Negative correlations were found between the IM-P and dysfunctional parenting practices, parenting stress, and authoritarian and permissive parenting styles, and positive correlations between the IM-P and parental warmth and an authoritative parenting style (Kim et al 2019 ; Moreira and Canavarro 2017 ; Pan et al 2019 ). However, all these parenting-related outcomes were measured using questionnaires, and measuring aspects of parenting and parent-child interaction using self-report measures has limitations (Miron et al 2009 ).…”